铝合金铸造技术及发动机铸造废品率控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 04:29

本文选题：铸造技术　切入点：铝合金　出处：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文介绍了铝合金的成型技术和强化技术。可用于生产高强度铸造铝合金的成型技术主要有重力金属型铸造、低压铸造、差压(反压)铸造、挤压铸造(液态模锻)、半固态挤压成形和磁流铸造等。金属抵抗变形的能力主要由位错运动的难易程度决定,所以铝合金的强化主要是增加位错运动的抵抗力。金属的强化涉及形变、合金化及热处理相变等基本途径。强化技术包括,位错强化、晶界强化、固溶强化和第二相强化等四种基本方式。本文针对低压铸造方法的缺陷做了研究。介绍了发动机缸盖铸造的整个过程,以一汽丰田(长春)发动机有限公司铸造车间的发动机缸盖生产为例,对发动机缸盖铸造的工艺流程及质量控制进行说明。按照工艺流程,把熔炼、砂处理(砂再生)、制芯、浇注、后处理(清理)、热处理都进行了简单说明,并在设备、模具、工艺设计等方面也进行了概述。在影响发动机缸盖铸造生产最关键的工序,涂型上作了较详细的说明。在保证铸件质量方面,重点从两个方面作研究:一、研究模具冷却系统,通过控制模具温度来保证凝固顺序,从根本上解决缩松引起的水套泄漏等问题;二、铝水清净化处理,减少铝水中的渣子和气体,对铝水清净化处理做了研究。工艺设计方面,从浇口设计、压力曲线、型腔排气方面做了研究。最后,从实际生产事例中,列举了不同时期、不同方面(内废、外废;批量废品、慢性废品;模具方面、条件设定方面等)的2个事例,利用科学的数值分析法和仿真建模等方法解决实际生产问题并取得了良好的成果。
[Abstract]:The forming technology and strengthening technology of aluminum alloy are introduced in this paper. The main forming technologies used in producing high strength casting aluminum alloy are gravity metal mold casting, low pressure casting, differential pressure (reverse pressure) casting, etc. Squeeze casting (liquid die forging, semi-solid extrusion, magnetic flow casting, etc.). The ability of metal to resist deformation is mainly determined by the difficulty of dislocation movement. Therefore, the strengthening of aluminum alloys mainly increases the resistance to dislocation movement. The strengthening of metals involves the basic ways of deformation, alloying and heat treatment transformation. The strengthening techniques include dislocation strengthening, grain boundary strengthening, and so on. Solid solution strengthening and second phase strengthening are four basic methods. The defects of low pressure casting method are studied in this paper. The whole process of engine cylinder head casting is introduced. Taking the production of engine cylinder head in the foundry workshop of FAW Toyota (Changchun) engine Co., Ltd as an example, the technological process and quality control of engine cylinder head casting are described. The pouring, post-treatment (cleaning and heat treatment) are all described briefly, and the equipment, mould, process design and so on are also summarized. The most important process affecting the casting production of engine cylinder head is discussed. In the aspect of ensuring casting quality, the emphasis is put on two aspects: first, the cooling system of die is studied, and the solidification sequence is ensured by controlling the mold temperature. The problems such as water jacket leakage caused by shrinkage and porosity are solved fundamentally. Secondly, aluminum water cleaning treatment, reducing residue and gas in aluminum water, is studied. Process design, gate design, pressure curve, Finally, from the actual production examples, two examples of different aspects (internal waste, external waste, batch waste, chronic waste, mold, condition setting, etc.) are listed. Scientific numerical analysis and simulation modeling are used to solve practical production problems and good results have been obtained.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U464

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