基于模糊诊断法的驱动桥故障诊断系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 01:27

本文选题：驱动桥　切入点：故障诊断　出处：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：故障诊断,其目的在于及时发现故障,从而避免故障危害的进一步扩大。其进一步的功能还包括对故障类型的甄别,以明确故障发生的原因。故障诊断系统广泛用于试验、检测领域。驱动桥是汽车的重要承载部件,复杂多变的运行工况对其安全可靠性提出了严苛的要求。因此整车及驱动桥零件厂家都要对驱动桥进行台架测试,在驱动桥疲劳台架测试过程中,若能通过故障诊断系统及时发现故障,采取相应措施,可以避免故障可能对试验设备及工作人员人身安全带来的危害。而诊断系统进一步识别故障类型,明确故障发生的原因,有助于试验人员对故障成因进行深入分析。本论文依托工程实际需求,为汽车实验室建立一套模糊故障诊断系统。通过对驱动桥振动信号的采集、预处理,从中提取特征值后带入模糊故障诊断系统进行诊断,从而诊断出此时设备是否出现故障,实现对驱动桥试验台架进行实时的监测。通过将模糊故障诊断法应用在系统中,提高汽车实验室驱动桥故障诊断系统的及时性及准确率。本文首先通过文献调研分析整理了常见故障诊断方法,明确了不同诊断方法的诊断原理及使用工况。接下来就驱动桥常见故障进行归类,分析了故障成因及相应信号征兆。进而选取其中最典型的三种故障形式—齿形误差、齿面磨损和轮齿断裂进行故障诊断识别。由于这三种误差的时域及频域的信号表征差异不十分明晰,故而选用模糊诊断策略。为此,依据以往的检测数据,通过建立故障库和征兆库,模糊诊断矩阵,并确定隶属度函数、模糊算子,制定模式识别原则,实现模糊诊断策略。应用MATLAB语言实现了模糊故障诊断策略的软件编写,并进行了模糊故障诊断相关的硬件设计。最后,在驱动桥疲劳测试试验中,与传统的故障诊断方法进行了对比,试验结果表明所设计的模糊故障诊断系统能够及时发现故障并准确识别故障成因。目前,这套模糊故障诊断系统现已完成了设计及建立,并且已经在汽车实验室驱动桥疲劳试验台上实际运行了一段时间。结果表明,该故障诊断系统能够在试件出现故障的初期发出警报,并识别出故障类型,不仅降低了试件的损坏程度,减少了严重故障的发生,保障了试验人员的安全,并为进一步的查找原因及分析提供了支持;降低了试验人员人工检测次数,节省了劳动力;每一次试验均有大量的数据记录,为日后的研究分析奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Fault diagnosis, its purpose is to find fault in a timely manner, so as to avoid fault hazards further. It also includes the function of further screening fault types, causes to clear the fault. The fault diagnosis system is widely used for testing, testing. Drive axle is an important component of automobile bearing, complicated and changeable operation conditions of the strict the requirements for safety and reliability. Therefore the vehicle and drive axle parts manufacturers are on the test bench of the driving axle, the drive axle fatigue bench test process, if we can find fault and the fault diagnosis system, take appropriate measures to prevent the failure may harm safety of test equipment and staff of people the fault diagnosis system. And further define the reasons of fault type identification, the test personnel contribute to the in-depth analysis of the fault causes. According to the supporting engineering The actual needs, establish a set of fuzzy fault diagnosis system for automobile laboratory. Based on the driving axle vibration signal acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction value into diagnosis fuzzy fault diagnosis system in order to detect whether the equipment malfunction of the drive axle test bench were monitored by. Fuzzy fault diagnosis method is used in the system, improve the automotive laboratory drive axle fault diagnosis system of timeliness and accuracy. This paper analyzed the common fault diagnosis methods through literature research and analysis, a clear diagnosis principle of different diagnosis method and the use of working conditions. Then the drive axle fault classification, fault causes and corresponding analysis signal sign. Then select one of the most typical three kinds of failure form of tooth profile error, tooth wear and tooth fracture of fault diagnosis. Because of this Signal characterization of difference time domain and frequency domain of the three kinds of errors is not very clear, so the fuzzy diagnosis strategy. Therefore, based on the test data in the past, through the establishment of database and fault symptom database, fuzzy diagnosis matrix, and to determine the membership function, fuzzy operator, develop pattern recognition principle, realize the fuzzy diagnosis strategy of the application of MATLAB language. To realize the fuzzy fault diagnosis strategy of the software and the hardware design of the fuzzy fault diagnosis related. Finally, the drive axle fatigue test, compared with the traditional fault diagnosis methods, the test results show that the designed fuzzy fault diagnosis system can detect faults and accurately identify the fault causes. At present, this set of fuzzy fault diagnosis system has been designed and established, and has been in the automotive laboratory drive axle fatigue test bench is actually running a period of time. Results Clearly, the fault diagnosis system in the specimen failure early warning, and identify the fault types, not only reduce the damage degree of the sample, reduced the severity of failure, ensure the security of testing personnel, and provide support for further analysis and find the reasons; the test personnel manual inspection number reduced, saving labor; each test have a large number of data records, laid the foundation for the research and Analysis on the.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U472.9

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