一种新型推板式自装卸环卫车开发

发布时间：2018-03-08 07:17

本文选题：推板式自装卸环卫车　切入点：整车布置　出处：《山东大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：推板式自装卸环卫车是在自装卸环卫车基础上,参照压缩车的压缩结构,在箱体内加装能带简易压缩功能的推板而成,这种车型在目前国家开展的城乡环卫一体化建设项目中被广泛应用。开发的这种推板式自装卸环卫车是这类产品中需求最多的车型,具有广阔的市场。设计这款车型,首先根据上装需要选择合适的底盘,保证其符合上装的需求。本文重点是设计上装结构,使其提升机构能提升、回落垃圾桶,实现垃圾的收集；后盖能开启、闭合,实现垃圾倾倒；推板能推出、收回,实现垃圾的压缩和倾卸。本文主要进行如下研究工作：1、根据车型的预估参数,选择某型汽车底盘作为这款车型的底盘,并对所选底盘主要性能参数进行计算校核,保证底盘满足上装的要求。遵循专用车设计要求,使设计的推板式自装卸环卫车能够提升与回落、后盖锁紧与开启、推板压缩功能,实现垃圾的收集、运输和倾卸。2、对提升机构、后盖、推板进行运动分析确保上装功能实现,证实了上装运动部件的设计合理性。对所选扭簧进行校核发现其疲劳寿命不能达到要求,因此重新选取其他材料的扭簧,并改变参数,使其达到所需的疲劳寿命。对垃圾桶提升机构和后盖机构液压系统进行校核,确定了液压系统的设计能够满足各机构的要求。3、对推板进行有限元分析,发现应力发生比较集中的位置在推板的中上部焊缝连接处,但最大应力值在允许的范围之内。推板整体存在用料过剩问题,因此对推板进行轻量化设计,使推板结构重量减轻,轻量化的模型出现应力集中现象较明显,因此对推板结构进行改进,并对改进后的模型进行有限元分析,发现应力集中现象减弱,从而获得合理的推板结构。
[Abstract]:On the basis of self-loading and unloading sanitation truck, the self-loading and unloading sanitation truck is made by adding a push plate with simple compression function in the box body, referring to the compression structure of the compression car. This type of vehicle is widely used in the country's current urban and rural environmental sanitation integration construction project. The self-loading and unloading sanitation car with the push plate type developed is the one with the most demand for this kind of product and has a broad market. Design this model. First of all, according to the needs of the top to select the appropriate chassis to ensure that it meets the needs of the top. The emphasis of this paper is to design the top structure so that the lifting mechanism can be lifted, and the garbage can be collected, and the back cover can be opened and closed. Realizing garbage dumping; pushing boards can push, recover, compress and dump garbage. This paper mainly carries out the following research work: 1. According to the estimated parameters of the model, select a certain type of car chassis as the chassis of this model. The main performance parameters of the selected chassis are calculated and checked to ensure that the chassis meets the requirements of the upper mounting. In accordance with the design requirements of the special purpose vehicle, the designed self-loading and unloading truck can be promoted and lowered, the rear cover is locked and opened, and the compression function of the push plate is achieved. Achieve garbage collection, transportation and dumping. 2. Carry out kinematic analysis of lifting mechanism, back cover and push board to ensure the realization of top function. It is proved that the design of the upper moving parts is reasonable. The fatigue life of the selected torsion spring is not up to the requirement, so the torsion spring of other materials is re-selected and the parameters are changed. To make it reach the required fatigue life. Check the hydraulic system of the garbage can lifting mechanism and the rear cover mechanism, and determine that the hydraulic system design can meet the requirements of each mechanism. 3. The finite element analysis of the push plate is carried out. It is found that the stress is concentrated at the weld joint of the middle and upper parts of the thrust plate, but the maximum stress value is within the allowable range. There is a problem of excess material used in the whole pushing plate, so the weight of the thrust plate structure is reduced by lightweight design. The stress concentration in the light weight model is obvious, so the structure of pushing plate is improved, and the finite element analysis of the improved model is carried out. It is found that the phenomenon of stress concentration is weakened, and a reasonable pushing plate structure is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.691

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