带密封盖货车车厢的仿真分析及改进

发布时间：2018-03-20 00:12

本文选题：车厢　切入点：静力学分析　出处：《辽宁科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文针对国内某箱式货车的实际生产需求,在原有车辆的设计基础上,设计了新型的载货汽车车厢以及自动密封盖。作为载货汽车的重要部件,车厢刚度和强度等性能直接关乎整车的各项性能和使用寿命,本文基于Solid Works软件将初步设计完成的车厢建立了含密封盖的车厢整体结构的实体模型,利用ANSYS Workbench有限元分析软件将简化后的仿真模型进行网格划分、施加约束和载荷,对其在弯曲工况、扭转工况、紧急制动工况和紧急转弯工况下进行静力学仿真分析。基于车厢四种典型工况的静力学分析结果,对于超过材料屈服极限的部分结构,进行了加固设计,以改善车厢的整体性能;对于受力较小的结构部分进行了轻量化的设计改进,已期望达到合理利用材料的目的并提高整车经济性。改进后得到含密封盖的新车厢模型,在四种典型工况下再次进行计算分析与校核,通过前后两次结果对比发现,改进后的车厢在刚度和强度方面等都有很大程度的提高,并且在满足性能要求的前提下,较初步设计时质量减轻6%。为了避免车厢在行驶过程中发生共振现象,所以研究了新车厢模型的振动特性,提取了新车厢模型的前十阶非刚模态,计算了发动机的怠速状态下的激振频率范围,通过计算得出前10阶自由模态的非刚固有频率值在6.18-26.74Hz之间,避开发动机怠速激振频率在32.5-145Hz,且避开了路面不平度引起的常见激励频率3Hz,结果可知车厢在正常状态行驶时理论上不会引起共振。最终,本文从理论上确认含密封盖的新车厢的轻量化改进满足设计要求和国家使用标准,目前该方案也已经被企业生产借鉴。该分析过程和方法也可以对载货汽车车厢及其相关产品的有限元分析提供借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:In this paper, according to the actual production demand of a box truck in China, a new type of truck carriage and automatic sealing cover are designed on the basis of the design of the original vehicle, which is an important part of the truck. The stiffness and strength of the car are directly related to the performance and service life of the whole car. Based on the Solid Works software, the solid model of the whole structure of the car with the seal cover is established based on the preliminary design of the car. The simplified simulation model is meshed with ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software, and the constraints and loads are imposed on the simulation model. Based on the static analysis results of the four typical conditions of the carriage, the reinforcement design of some structures exceeding the yield limit of the material is carried out, which is based on the static analysis results of the four typical conditions of the carriage under the emergency braking condition and the emergency turning condition. In order to improve the overall performance of the carriage, the lightweight design improvement is carried out for the structural part with less stress, which is expected to achieve the purpose of reasonable use of materials and to improve the economy of the whole car. After the improvement, a new car model with a sealed cover is obtained. Under four typical working conditions, the calculation analysis and checking are carried out again. Through the comparison of the results before and after two times, it is found that the improved compartments have great improvement in stiffness and strength, and under the premise of satisfying the performance requirements, In order to avoid the resonance phenomenon, the vibration characteristics of the new car model are studied, and the first ten non-rigid modes of the new car model are extracted. The excitation frequency range of the engine in idle state is calculated. The non-rigid natural frequencies of the first 10 free modes are calculated in the range of 6.18-26.74 Hz. The excitation frequency of engine idling is 32.5-145Hz, and the common excitation frequency caused by road roughness is 3Hz. the result shows that the car does not cause resonance in theory when it is running in normal condition. In this paper, it is theoretically confirmed that the lightweight improvement of a new car with a sealed cover meets the design requirements and the national standards for use. At present, the scheme has been used for reference by enterprises. The analysis process and method can also be used for reference in finite element analysis of truck carriages and related products.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.2

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