发动机滚子摇臂机器视觉检测系统研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 18:02

本文选题：机器视觉　切入点：数学图像处理　出处：《机械科学研究总院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：在工业智能化和高科技化的当代社会,汽车作为代步工具的重要性越来越明显。目前在我国,汽车厂商越来越重视生产质量、生产成本、生产效率,相关部门也出台了各种有利措施,来推进汽车产业转型升级,向高效、高质的目标发展。在这些政策、技术发展革新的大背景下,汽车厂商对发动机装配质量的要求也越来越高,本论文研究开发的发动机滚子摇臂机器视觉检测系统就是为了提高生产质量和效率,应运而生的。发动机滚子摇臂是汽车发动机的重要零件,它隶属于发动机中的气门机构,作用是把发动机中凸轮轴传来的力和位移传递到气门上,完成推开或关闭气门的任务。由于非常重要,其装配质量必须经过检测。传统的检测发动机滚子摇臂装配质量的方法是,人眼识别是否合格,容易产生误判。因此,需要研发一套机器视觉系统来自动识别检测滚子摇臂位置是否放偏、漏装及未完全到位。本论文主要的研究内容有以下几点:1、按照设计目标和任务进行硬件选型,包含光源、工业相机、与工业相机配合使用的镜头、图像采集卡、工业PC等;2、选择合适的机器视觉软件,建立恰当的算法,用来处理采集到的图片及数据,确保设备软件与设备硬件配套兼容,从而很好的检测出发动机滚子摇臂在装配过程中是否放偏、是否缺失以及是否未完全到位,进而判断出是否符合装配质量要求;3、进行在线测试,对机器视觉检测系统中的算法和各个参数进行优化;4、实现整体视觉检测系统中PLC以及PC通讯。确保系统相机能得到PLC给的触发信号并且检测完成的OK/NG信号能够传输到PLC,确保发动机滚子摇臂的检测数据能无误差的传送到PC进行保存。本论文的新颖之处是利用机器视觉相关技术,在发动机滚子摇臂图像的采集及分析、滚子摇臂放偏、缺失或未完全到位的识别、检测数据和检测图片的处理等方面进行创新研究。目前该系统已经成功应用在一汽大众EA211发动机装配生产线中,系统检测准确率可达到98%以上,处理时间为2秒/台,提高了发动机滚子摇臂装配检测的效率,保证了发动机产品装配质量。
[Abstract]:In the modern society of industrial intelligence and high technology, the importance of automobile as a walking tool is becoming more and more obvious. At present, automobile manufacturers pay more and more attention to production quality, production cost and production efficiency. The relevant departments have also issued various favorable measures to promote the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry to the goal of high efficiency and high quality. In the context of these policies, technological development and innovation, Automobile manufacturers have higher and higher requirements for engine assembly quality. The purpose of this paper is to improve the production quality and efficiency of the engine roller rocker arm machine vision inspection system. The engine roller rocker arm is an important part of the automobile engine. It belongs to the valve mechanism in the engine, and its function is to transfer the force and displacement from the camshaft in the engine to the valve. Complete the task of pushing or closing the valve. Because of its very important, its assembly quality must be tested. The traditional method of testing the assembly quality of the engine roller rocker arm is that the human eye is able to recognize whether or not it is up to standard, which is prone to misjudgment. It is necessary to develop a machine vision system to automatically identify and detect whether the position of the roller rocker arm is biased, missing or not in place. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: 1, hardware selection according to the design objectives and tasks, including light source. Industrial camera, lens used in conjunction with industrial camera, image acquisition card, industrial PC, etc., select the appropriate machine vision software, set up the appropriate algorithm to process the collected pictures and data. Make sure the equipment software is compatible with the hardware of the equipment, so that the engine roller rocker arm in the assembly process is deflected, missing and not fully in place, And then to determine whether or not to meet the assembly quality requirements, to conduct on-line testing, The algorithms and parameters in the machine vision detection system are optimized to realize the communication between PLC and PC in the whole vision detection system. The system camera can get the trigger signal from PLC and detect the completed OK/NG signal. Input to PLC to ensure that the detection data of the engine roller rocker arm can be transmitted to PC without error. The novelty of this paper is the use of machine vision related technology. In the engine roller rocker arm image collection and analysis, roller rocker arm deviation, missing or not fully in place recognition, At present, the system has been successfully applied in FAW Volkswagen EA211 engine assembly line. The detection accuracy of the system can reach more than 98%, and the processing time is 2 seconds per unit. The efficiency of assembly detection of engine roller rocker arm is improved, and the assembly quality of engine product is ensured.
【学位授予单位】：机械科学研究总院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U464.13;TP391.41

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