多阈值车辆碰撞传感器的设计

发布时间：2018-04-05 21:14

本文选题：多阈值　切入点：碰撞传感器　出处：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：与加速度计不同,多阈值碰撞传感器无需复杂的辅助电路和控制单元即可根据外界加速度的变化来快速切换不同工作状态,具有集惯性传感与执行于一体、无功耗和可靠性高的优点,在车辆安全系统、武器引信系统和防跌落保护系统具有广泛的应用需求。现有碰撞传感器存在的感应阈值单一、接触不稳定和抗过载能力弱等不足,已难以满足多级车辆安全保护系统的应用需求。综合分析影响碰撞传感器感应精度和接触可靠性的关键因素,本文以新型多阈值碰撞传感器设计为目标,具体展开以下工作：1)考虑车辆安全气囊的引爆条件和要求,提出了基于非线性多稳态机构的多阈值碰撞传感器设计方法,引入磁性触点梁结构,利用磁吸合特性有效解决了过载回弹造成的接触不稳定问题；2)考虑气膜阻尼的影响,建立了多阈值碰撞传感器的静力学和动力学模型,分析了加速度阈值和脉宽对开关动作的影响。数值仿真与实验结果表明,在10.0ms矩形脉冲加速度载荷激励下,具有双向6阈值加速度感应功能,且最大抗过载能力可达到第一阈值加速度的15.3倍,第二阈值加速度的4.5倍和第三阈值加速度的2.9倍；3)通过分析碰撞过程中驾乘人员头部运动特征,得到了基于加速度峰值法的碰撞传感器引爆条件。研究了侧向加速度干扰、振动干扰环境下多阈值碰撞传感器的敏感性能,仿真结果表明多阈值碰撞传感器在1.0g的侧向加速度下满足设计要求,并且能够在幅值为10.0m/s2的共振环境中正常工作。研制了多阈值碰撞传感器试验样件,理论仿真与实验结果基本一致,从而验证了多阈值碰撞传感器设计方法的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Unlike the accelerometer, multi threshold collision sensor without auxiliary circuit and control unit can be complicated to quickly switch between different working state according to the change of external acceleration, inertial sensing and actuating is set in one, no power consumption and high reliability, the vehicle safety system, fuze system and fall protection system with application requirements widely. The existing collision induced threshold single sensor, unstable contact and anti overload ability is poor, has been difficult to meet the application requirements of vehicle safety multistage protection system. The key factors affecting comprehensive analysis of collision sensor accuracy and reliability of the contact, using a new type of multi threshold collision sensor design, the following work: 1) consider tipping conditions and requirements of vehicle airbags, proposes a multi threshold mechanism based on nonlinear steady-state value collision The design method of the sensor, the introduction of magnetic contact beam structure, the use of magnetic pull in characteristics can effectively solve the overload caused by springback unstable contact problems; 2) taking into account the influence of the gas film damping, a static and dynamic model of multi threshold collision sensor, analyzes the influence of acceleration threshold and pulse width of the switching action. The results of numerical simulation and experiment show that in the acceleration excitation 10.0ms rectangular pulse, with two-way 6 threshold acceleration sensing function, 15.3 times and the maximum anti overload capacity can reach the first threshold acceleration of 2.9 times, second times and third of the 4.5 threshold acceleration threshold acceleration; 3) through the analysis of head movement characteristics of occupants in the collision process, the collision sensor the peak acceleration method based on the condition of lateral acceleration detonated. The sensitivity of interference, multi threshold collision sensor vibration interference environment Can, the simulation results show that the multi threshold collision sensors meet in the lateral acceleration 1.0g under the design requirements, and be able to work normally in the 10.0m/s2 resonance amplitude is developed. The multi threshold collision sensor test, theoretical simulation and experimental results are basically consistent, which verifies the validity of the design method of multi threshold collision sensor and feasibility.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.6

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