电动汽车电池管理系统电磁兼容性分析与设计

发布时间：2018-04-25 09:15

本文选题：电池管理系统 + 电磁兼容　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车工业是我国经济发展的支柱性产业,对国民经济的发展至关重要,汽车给民众的生活带来了极大的便利。在汽车工业飞速发展的同时,能源危机和污染问题也日趋严重。因此,近年来世界各国汽车厂商纷纷投入大量人力财力用于新能源汽车的研制和开发。由于电动汽车“零污染、零排放”的优点,我国将电动汽车作为当前新能源汽车发展的重点。电池管理系统作为管理整车电池组的关键器件,良好的稳定性和精确的数据采集可以使电动汽车具备更长的续航里程、更高的安全性和更准确的荷电状态SOC(State of Charge)估算。由DC/AC电机逆变器和DC/DC直流变换器构成的电动汽车动力系统开关频率高,电流大,在汽车内部形成很强的电磁干扰EMI(Electro-magnetic Interference),很容易造成BMS误报警或参数采集不准确,影响电动汽车的稳定运行。通过电磁兼容性研究,可以有效的改善电池管理系统的辐射发射、辐射抗扰、传导发射和传导抗扰,保证了系统参数采集的精度和安全运行,因此进行电池管理系统电磁兼容性设计有着非常重要的工程实用价值。论文基于电池管理系统的开发,从电池管理系统电磁兼容理论研究、电池管理系统电源线传导和辐射干扰建模仿真和电池管理系统电磁兼容性试验分析三方面展开。电磁兼容理论研究包括线束辐射发射理论研究、传导干扰理论研究以及线束间的串扰理论研究。线束辐射发射研究通过将线束中的电流分为共模和差模电流分别研究,确定共模电流为造成辐射发射的主要原因。传导干扰研究将直流电机驱动回路作为研究对象进行建模,通过对模型的计算得到引起传导干扰的共模电压和共模电流。线束间的串扰以单线对CAN总线的干扰为研究对象,建立单线和CAN总线串扰的模型并计算参数矩阵,通过电路分析得到CAN总线的近端电压传输比。最后利用理论研究改进硬件电路的电磁兼容性。BMS电源线仿真包括传导和辐射发射建模,模型主要依据汽车零部件电磁兼容测试标准要求的试验条件在CST软件中建立,仿真得到传导和辐射发射特性。同时,针对CAN总线的串扰进行了仿真。试验部分包括BMS+12V电源线的传导发射和辐射发射,BMS数据采集模块的传导抗扰度和辐射抗扰度测试。通过分析试验数据,确定了由于电磁干扰引起的设备故障机制。
[Abstract]:Automobile industry is the pillar industry of economic development in our country, which is very important to the development of national economy, and it brings great convenience to people's life. With the rapid development of automobile industry, energy crisis and pollution problems are becoming more and more serious. Therefore, in recent years, automobile manufacturers all over the world have invested a lot of human and financial resources in the research and development of new energy vehicles. Due to the advantages of "zero pollution and zero emission" of electric vehicles, electric vehicles are regarded as the focus of the development of new energy vehicles in China. The battery management system is the key device for managing the battery pack of the whole vehicle. Good stability and accurate data acquisition can enable the electric vehicle to have longer range, higher safety and more accurate SOC(State of charge estimation. The electric vehicle power system composed of DC/AC motor inverter and DC/DC DC / DC converter has high switching frequency and large current, and forms a strong electromagnetic interference (EMI(Electro-magnetic) interference in the automobile. It is easy to cause BMS false alarm or inaccurate parameter acquisition. Affect the stable operation of electric vehicles. Through the study of electromagnetic compatibility, it can effectively improve the radiation emission, radiation immunity, conduction emission and conduction immunity of the battery management system, and ensure the precision and safe operation of the system parameter collection. Therefore, EMC design of battery management system has very important practical value. Based on the development of the battery management system, this paper starts from three aspects: the theory of EMC, the modeling and simulation of the power line conduction and radiation interference of the battery management system, and the EMC test analysis of the battery management system. EMC theory research includes radiation emission theory of wire beam, conduction interference theory and crosstalk theory between wire bundles. By dividing the current into common mode and differential mode current, the common mode current is the main cause of radiation emission. The DC motor driving circuit is used as the research object in the study of conduction interference, and the common mode voltage and common mode current which cause the conduction interference are obtained by the calculation of the model. The crosstalk between wire bundles takes the interference of single wire to CAN bus as the research object. The model of crosstalk between single wire and CAN bus is established and the parameter matrix is calculated. The near terminal voltage transfer ratio of CAN bus is obtained by circuit analysis. Finally, using the theory to study and improve the EMC. BMS power line simulation of the hardware circuit, including the modeling of conduction and radiation emission, the model is mainly established in CST software according to the test conditions required by the EMC test standard of automobile parts. The conduction and radiation emission characteristics are obtained by simulation. At the same time, the crosstalk of CAN bus is simulated. The test part includes the test of conduction immunity and radiation immunity of data acquisition module of BMS 12V power line. By analyzing the test data, the failure mechanism of the equipment caused by electromagnetic interference is determined.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.72

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