重型卡车传动轴零件加工工艺与总成装配工艺研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 19:56

本文选题：传动轴 + 零件加工工艺　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：传动轴作为汽车传动系统的主要部件,在车辆行驶过程中起着传递运动和扭矩的作用,其高速旋转性能对整车的使用性和乘坐的舒适性至关重要。本文以“某汽车零部件公司卡车传动轴零件加工及总成装配工艺改进”项目为切入点,通过对零件加工工艺和总成装配工艺的分析,从外花键加工工艺、端齿加工工艺、滑动副及中间支承注脂工艺、传动轴整体装配工艺、内花键涂覆工艺等改进项目,去探讨卡车传动轴的抖动问题产生的原因及解决方案。根据市场反馈信息,传动轴抖动问题在重型卡车传动轴索赔模式中,占比超过30%。其原因是传动轴具有高速旋转性能,且结构较为复杂,所以不可避免的存在抖动现象。传动轴的抖动存在许多危害,首先产生噪音危害,作为汽车底盘系统的重要部件,会大大影响整车的舒适性;其次,降低传动效率,产生配合松动,甚至零件损坏,存在风险事故。传动轴总成动平衡量发生改变的因素很多,包括内外花键配合的间隙、万向节叉的轴向窜动、端面法兰的配合精度、传动轴在高速旋转时的弹性变形、轴管处平衡片开焊导致脱落等,这些原因都会使传动轴总成偏离其中心位置,会发生相对位移的弯曲振动。同时,传动轴在旋转中,因偏离中心而产生的惯性力,是引起弯曲振动的主要原因。当传动轴的转速与其弯曲振动产生的固有频率相等时,便会出现共振问题,致使振幅急剧增加,整车底盘系统会产生不同程度的晃动,更严重的情况会导致传动轴的变形或折断。而此时的转速即为传动轴的临界转速,通常也称为“危险转速”。根据以上原因分析,零件加工及总成装配工艺是影响传动轴总成质量的重要因素。本文通过对外花键加工、端齿加工及总成装配工艺的改进,达到提高传动轴质量、降低三包索赔,为企业提高效益的目的。目前,这些工艺改进项目已经逐步应用到生产中。
[Abstract]:As the main component of the automobile transmission system, the transmission shaft plays the role of transmitting motion and torque in the vehicle driving process. Its high-speed rotation performance is very important for the use of the whole vehicle and the ride comfort. Based on the project of "improvement of parts processing and assembly technology of truck drive shafts in a certain automobile parts company", through the analysis of parts processing technology and assembly assembly technology, this paper analyzes the processing technology of outer spline and end teeth. The improvement items such as grease injection process of sliding pair and intermediate support, integral assembly process of transmission shaft and coating process of internal splines are discussed to discuss the causes and solutions of the jitter problem of truck drive shaft. According to market feedback, shafts jitter accounts for more than 30% in heavy truck shaft claim mode. The reason is that the shaft has high speed rotation performance and complex structure, so there is inevitable jitter phenomenon. The jitter of the drive shaft has many hazards, first of all, noise hazard, as an important part of the car chassis system, will greatly affect the comfort of the whole car; secondly, reduce the transmission efficiency, produce loose coordination, even parts damage, There are risks and accidents. There are many factors that change the dynamic balance of the transmission shaft assembly, including the gap between the internal and external splines, the axial movement of the universal joint fork, the matching accuracy of the end flange, and the elastic deformation of the drive shaft when rotating at high speed. The opening and welding of the balance piece at the axial tube will lead to shedding, which will cause the transmission shaft assembly to deviate from its central position and cause the bending vibration of the relative displacement. At the same time, the inertia force caused by deviation from the center is the main cause of bending vibration. When the rotating speed of the drive shaft is equal to the natural frequency generated by its bending vibration, the resonance problem will occur, resulting in a sharp increase in the amplitude, and the whole chassis system will produce varying degrees of sloshing. More serious conditions can cause the shaft to be deformed or broken. At this point, the speed is the critical speed of the drive shaft, also known as "dangerous speed." According to the above analysis, parts processing and assembly process are important factors affecting the quality of transmission shaft assembly. In this paper, through the improvement of external spline processing, end tooth processing and assembly assembly process, the quality of transmission shaft is improved, and the claim of three packets is reduced, and the purpose of improving the efficiency of the enterprise is obtained. At present, these process improvement projects have been gradually applied to production.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.216.2

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