发动机与空调热管理数值化分析方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 08:18

本文选题：汽车 + 热管理　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人们对汽车动力性和舒适性要求的不断提升,整车集成热管理越来越受到关注。汽车热管理从系统集成的角度,实现综合性能的优配,保证最佳整车动力性、经济性和舒适性等。先进的热管理是协同发动机动力热管理和空调暖通过程,通过汇集于动力舱多热力系统热交互复杂传热的有效集成,达到各热力系统的最佳性能。因此,整车集成热管理计算分析方法已经成为重要的设计分析手段。本文通过对汽车各热力系统及其主要部件进行建模与分析,建立了一套动力热管理和空调暖通系统在内的基于动力舱结构化的整车集成热管理系统分析方法,实现一维多系统关联和三维结构化耦合计算方法,其中包括热流动分析,模型、模块建立,以及软件化算法等。该方法体系不但适合传统热力发动机系统,而且也为电动汽车动力系统热管理奠定了方法基础。本文以热力发动机动力热管理为例,最主要含盖发动机冷却系统和增压中冷系统两部分。其中,重点针对散热器、中冷器、节温器、压气机等主要部件,进行流动、传热和热力过程分析,建立数学模型的基本表征方式。特别在常规和广义两种结构形式的散热器与中冷器处理方面,分别提出了不同的传热描述方式,建立了相应的传热控制方程和仿真计算模块。建立了一维与三维耦合算法,一维计算程序实现了散热器、中冷器、节温器、压气机等主要部件模块关联,三维仿真对动力舱的结构特点进行分析。通过程序化实现一维和三维耦合仿真计算上位控制。该发动机冷却热管理系统分析方法,主要解决发动机冷却系统和增压中冷系统中各组成环节间的散热性能匹配、换热器及风扇间的匹配、动力舱结构布置匹配等问题,以及对冷却系统和增压中冷系统散热性能预测分析问题。在汽车空调中,重点构建制冷系统分析方法,包括压缩机、冷凝器、节流装置、蒸发器等主要部件,建立了相应的数学模型及传热控制方程,完成一维关联算法和编程软件化。其中,重点分析了冷凝器和蒸发器的结构特征和传热性能,并通过一维程序将其与压缩机、节流装置等主要部件耦合,建立了一维系统仿真模块。同时,基于动力舱建立了冷凝器与动力舱内其他热力系统的三维结构化关系,并通过一维程序实现了其一维与三维耦合仿真计算的上位控制。该汽车空调制冷系统分析方法,客观考虑了空调制冷热负荷的实时影响,主要解决了冷凝器与动力舱内部其他热力系统的热交互影响匹配分析。研究工作在所建立的发动机与空调集成热管理分析方法基础上,进行了算例分析。研究诸如发动机工况、空调制冷工况、车辆行驶速度等因素对发动机冷却效果和空调制冷能力的影响特性、作用特性、热工特性等,以便进一步指导该分析方法的应用。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for vehicle power and comfort, vehicle integrated heat management has attracted more and more attention. From the angle of system integration, automobile thermal management can achieve the optimal performance of the vehicle, and ensure the optimal power, economy and comfort of the whole vehicle. Advanced heat management is a cooperative engine thermal management and air conditioning heating process. Through the effective integration of heat interaction and complex heat transfer in the multi-thermal system in the power module, the best performance of each thermal system is achieved. Therefore, the integrated heat management calculation and analysis method has become an important means of design and analysis. Based on the modeling and analysis of the thermal systems and their main components of the automobile, a set of integrated heat management system analysis method based on the structure of the power cabin is established in this paper, which includes the power heat management system and the HVAC system. The method includes thermal flow analysis, model, module building, software algorithm and so on. The method system is not only suitable for the traditional thermal engine system, but also lays a foundation for the thermal management of the electric vehicle power system. In this paper, the thermal power management of a thermal engine is taken as an example, the main two parts are the cooling system and the supercharged intercooling system. Among them, the flow, heat transfer and thermodynamic process are analyzed for the main components of radiator, intercooler, thermostat, compressor and so on, and the basic representation of mathematical model is established. In particular, in the treatment of radiators and intercooler of general and generalized structure, different heat transfer description methods are put forward, and corresponding heat transfer control equations and simulation calculation modules are established. One dimensional and three dimensional coupling algorithms are established. The main components such as radiator, intercooler, thermostat, compressor and so on are connected by one-dimensional program. The structural characteristics of power cabin are analyzed by three-dimensional simulation. The upper control of one-dimensional and three-dimensional coupling simulation is realized by programming. The analysis method of engine cooling heat management system mainly solves the problems of heat dissipation performance matching between engine cooling system and turbocharged intercooling system, the matching of heat exchanger and fan, the matching of power cabin structure arrangement, etc. The heat dissipation performance of cooling system and supercharged intercooling system is predicted and analyzed. In automobile air conditioning, the analysis method of refrigeration system, including compressor, condenser, throttle device, evaporator and so on, is constructed. The corresponding mathematical model and heat transfer control equation are established, and the one-dimensional correlation algorithm and programming software are completed. The structural characteristics and heat transfer performance of condenser and evaporator are analyzed, and the one-dimensional system simulation module is established by coupling the condenser and evaporator with compressor, throttling device and other main components. At the same time, based on the power cabin, the three-dimensional structured relationship between the condenser and other thermal systems in the power cabin is established, and the upper control of its one-dimensional and three-dimensional coupling simulation calculation is realized by one-dimensional program. The analysis method of automobile air conditioning refrigeration system objectively considers the real time effect of air conditioning cooling heat load, and mainly solves the matching analysis of the heat interaction between condenser and other thermal systems inside the power cabin. Based on the integrated heat management analysis method of engine and air conditioning, a numerical example is presented. In order to guide the application of the analysis method, the effects of engine working conditions, air conditioning refrigeration conditions and vehicle speed on the engine cooling effect and the cooling capacity of the air conditioning system are studied in order to further guide the application of the analytical method.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U464;U463.851

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