多功能森林消防车改进设计及分析

发布时间：2018-05-21 02:47

本文选题：森林消防车 + 多功能　；参考：《南京林业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：森林火灾是世界上最为严重的自然灾害和突发公共危机事件之一。在在对抗森林火灾的设备中,森林消防车起到了非常重要的作用,它可以及时地将消防人员和消防设备带到受灾区域。目前我国在自主研发森林消防车方面取得了一定的效果,但与发达国家相比,主要还是研究运载能力和通过性能,新型技术和现代材料的应用相对不足,其技术水平、功能和效率均落后于发达国家。因此,研发一款多功能森林消防车具有重要的工程意义。本文针对课题的设计要求提出了多功能森林消防车的总体设计构想,阐述了多功能森林消防车的功能设计,根据技术指标对动力装置参数和底盘进行了选配,接着从整车形式、尺寸参数、质量参数、轮胎和整车总体布置对消防车进行总体的设计。基于整车的总体设计要求,对消防车前部的顶撞装置、后部的开沟器和车箱结构进行了结构设计。依据部件的结构功能与要求,确定结构方案,并利用有限元对部件进行强度校核。分析结果表明,改装设计均达到功能以及结构的强度和刚度要求。同时根据企业要求,对选用底盘中的车架和桥壳在车身结构改进后的工况下进行了有限元分析。对车架进行了弯曲、扭转和转弯三种典型工况的静态分析;对桥壳进行了最大垂向力、最大纵向力和最大侧向力工况的静态分析。并对关键承载部件桥壳、车架和车箱分别进行了模态分析和疲劳寿命分析。分析结果表明,车架、桥壳和车箱均满足设计要求。同时论文还应用Cruise软件建立消防车的整车模型,对其动力性和经济性进行分析,得到最大车速、最大爬坡度、加速时间,以及等速工况和UDC循环工况下的百公里油耗。然后从最大牵引力和越过台阶壕沟能力两个方面对消防车的通过性能进行了分析,最后对消防车的侧翻阈值进行了计算。通过设计分析表明:研发的多功能森林消防车适合我国国情,具有较高的动力性能、通过性能和高效灭火性能的综合作战能力,为我国的森林消防提供了一种现代化技术装备。
[Abstract]:Forest fire is one of the most serious natural disasters and public emergencies in the world. Forest fire engines play a very important role in fighting against forest fires. They can bring fire fighters and equipment to the affected areas in time. At present, our country has achieved certain results in independently developing forest fire engines, but compared with the developed countries, it is mainly concerned with the research of carrying capacity and passing performance, the application of new technology and modern materials is relatively insufficient, and its technical level. Function and efficiency lag behind developed countries. Therefore, the development of a multi-purpose forest fire truck has important engineering significance. According to the design requirements of the project, this paper puts forward the overall design conception of the multi-function forest fire engine, expounds the function design of the multi-function forest fire engine, selects the parameters and chassis of the power plant according to the technical index, and then from the form of the whole vehicle, Dimension parameters, quality parameters, tire and vehicle overall layout for the overall design of fire engines. Based on the overall design requirements of the whole vehicle, the structure of the front part of the fire engine, the rear part of the trench opener and the structure of the trunk are designed. According to the structural functions and requirements of the components, the structural scheme is determined, and the strength of the components is checked by finite element method. The analysis results show that the modified design meets the requirements of function and the strength and stiffness of the structure. At the same time, according to the requirements of the enterprise, finite element analysis is carried out on the frame and the axle shell of the chassis under the condition of the improved body structure. The static analysis of the frame under three typical conditions of bending, torsion and turning, and the static analysis of the maximum vertical force, the maximum longitudinal force and the maximum lateral force of the bridge shell are carried out. The modal analysis and fatigue life analysis of the key load-bearing parts, such as the axle housing, the frame and the carbox, are carried out respectively. The analysis results show that the frame, the axle housing and the car box all meet the design requirements. At the same time, the whole vehicle model of fire engine is established by using Cruise software, and its power performance and economy are analyzed. The maximum speed, the maximum climbing slope, the acceleration time and the fuel consumption of 100 km under the constant speed working condition and the UDC cycle condition are obtained. Then the performance of the fire engine is analyzed from two aspects: maximum traction force and the ability to cross the trench. Finally, the rollover threshold of the fire engine is calculated. The design analysis shows that the developed multi-function forest fire engine is suitable for China's national conditions and has higher dynamic performance. Through the comprehensive combat capability of performance and high efficiency extinguishing performance, it provides a modern technical equipment for forest fire fighting in our country.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.68

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