纯电动汽车电机控制器水冷散热特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 17:26

本文选题：电机控制器 + 水冷散热器　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：IGBT在工作中,会产生大量热损耗,如果热量不能及时导出,会对IGBT产生不可逆的损害,严重威胁了纯电动汽车的安全性、稳定性,因此设计研发散热性能更加优异的散热器成为了迫在眉睫的问题。本文首先阐述了散热分析相关的理论基础,包括传热学、流体力学、流体动力学等方面的理论,以及传统散热设计的方法、散热分析的类型等知识。同时,计算了所研究的电机控制器IGBT的热阻与功耗,为设计散热器设计及热分析提供了依据。根据IGBT实际情况,设计并建立散热器的三维模型。因为电动汽车内部的空间有限,本文特设计了具有两层水道的水冷散热器,这样既能节约空间,同时还可以最大限度的增大散热效率。将水冷散热器的三维模型导入ANASYS平台下的FLUENT进行热仿真分析,研究了流量对其散热性能及压降的影响,最终确定了最佳流量为8L/min。随后对散热器进行结构优化,根据所设计的散热器分为上下两部分水道的特性,从两个方面进行优化：在上水道中布置扰流片以及下水道中布置针柱。经过比较,确定最优化的散热结构为在下水道中布置610针柱。为了验证使用ANASYS软件进行热分析与实际情况相吻合,在软件中设置的边界条件及参数满足实际情况,设计几组工程试验。将最终优化的散热器进行加工,利用水冷实验平台,按照仿真计算的边界条件进行实验,得到了实验结果。将实验结构与仿真结果进行对比,并进行了误差分析,证明仿真计算的结果与实际情况吻合。
[Abstract]:IGBT will produce a large amount of heat loss in the work, if the heat can not be exported in time, it will cause irreversible damage to IGBT, which seriously threatens the safety and stability of pure electric vehicle. Therefore, the design and development of a more excellent radiator has become an urgent problem. In this paper, the theoretical basis of heat dissipation analysis, including the theories of heat transfer, fluid dynamics and hydrodynamics, as well as the traditional methods of heat dissipation design and the types of heat dissipation analysis, are introduced in this paper. At the same time, the thermal resistance and power consumption of the motor controller IGBT are calculated, which provides the basis for the design and thermal analysis of the radiator. According to the actual situation of IGBT, the three-dimensional model of radiator is designed and built. Because the internal space of electric vehicle is limited, the water cooling radiator with two-layer waterway is designed in this paper, which not only saves space, but also maximizes the efficiency of heat dissipation. The three-dimensional model of water-cooled radiator was introduced into FLUENT of ANASYS platform for thermal simulation analysis. The influence of flow rate on heat dissipation performance and pressure drop was studied. Finally, the optimal flow rate was determined to be 8 L / min. Then the structure of the radiator is optimized and the radiator is divided into two parts according to the characteristics of the upper and lower waterways. It is optimized from two aspects: the spoiler is arranged in the upper waterway and the pin column is arranged in the sewer. After comparison, it is determined that the optimal heat dissipation structure is to arrange 610 pin columns in the sewer. In order to verify that the thermal analysis using ANASYS software is consistent with the actual situation, the boundary conditions and parameters set in the software are satisfied with the actual situation, several engineering tests are designed. The final optimized radiator is processed and the experimental results are obtained by using the water cooling experimental platform according to the boundary conditions calculated by simulation. The experimental structure is compared with the simulation results, and the error analysis is carried out. It is proved that the simulation results are in good agreement with the actual situation.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.72

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