车用独立式冷却模块性能评价分析与设计匹配方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 04:07

本文选题：流动传热 + CFD数值模拟　；参考：《浙江大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：目前,为了解决车用冷却模块空间布置矛盾,便于气动阻力与换热效率两个指标之间的协同优化,已经把独立式冷却模块技术列为重要的技术手段之一,然而对于独立式冷却模块内部流动传热规律及协同匹配规律的研究还处于起步阶段,研究焦点还多集中在传统冷却模块,对于新型独立式冷却模块设计匹配理论还缺乏系统研究,对其研究多为概念设计,缺乏理论深度。本文采用数值模拟结合试验方法研究独立式冷却模块流动传热规律,包括风扇与热交换器模块之间的匹配规律、多热交换器之间的协同特性、性能评价参数及适用原则,形成系统的独立式冷却模块计算分析方法和协同设计匹配理论。主要研究内容包括：1)独立式冷却模块数值模拟方法研究研究适用于车用冷却模块的风扇与热交换器数值模拟方法,提高风扇与热交换器的数值仿真精度,并在此基础上建立由上述模型构成的车用冷却模块数值仿真模型。2)独立式冷却模块数值仿真模型试验验证建立车用独立式冷却模块模拟试验系统,进行独立式冷却模块数值模型的有效性验证,包括独立式冷却模块流动传热性能宏观试验验证与流场可视化微观试验验证。3)独立式冷却模块匹配分析方法研究风扇与单热交换器结构冷却模块匹配研究,研究两者之间匹配参数变化对其气动性能及匹配特性的影响；风扇与多热交换器串联结构冷却模块匹配研究,研究进风口数量与相对位置对其流动传热性能及其匹配特性的影响；风扇与多热交换器并联结构冷却模块匹配研究,研究热交换器间相对位置的改变对冷却模块流动传热性能及匹配特性的影响。4)独立式冷却模块性能评价参数研究以有效阻力系数、风扇效率、冷却效率、冷却模块匹配特性曲线为评价参数,对不同结构与类型的独立式冷却模块进行分析评价,评估各个评价参数的适用范围与特性。5)独立式冷却模块多热交换器协同特性研究独立式冷却模块中,多热交换器之间流动传热性能的协同特性研究,包括多热交换器串联结构独立式冷却模块中热交换器阻力的串联分布规律；多热交换器并联结构独立式冷却模块中热交换器阻力的并联分布规律。研究多热交换器之间流动传热的互相耦合作用及其对冷却模块整体性能的影响。通过以上研究得到如下结论：1)通过独立式冷却模块数值模拟方法研究发现,对于热交换器模型,采用基于性能试验数据的多孔介质阻力模型,并修正多孔介质参数之后,其数值仿真精度得到了提高。对于风扇模型,当叶片表面结合壁面函数进行粗糙度修正之后,其仿真结果更接近试验值。2)通过宏观性能试验研究发现,热交换器气动阻力试验值与仿真值吻合较好；通过微观流场可视化试验研究发现,冷却模块内部风速瞬态变化周期、热交换器入口表面速度分布及冷却模块内部涡流区与试验测量结果都较为吻合,从而验证了冷却模块数值模型的有效性。3)通过单热交换器结构独立式冷却模块匹配参数的数值仿真研究发现,当风扇与热交换器之间存在一定的相对角度以及相对面积比时,冷却模块具有最佳气动性能,因而提出了包含风扇与热交换器阻力特性匹配与相对位置匹配的双重匹配方法。4)通过多热交换器串联结构独立式冷却模块数值仿真研究发现,改变冷却模块进风口数量与相对位置可以优化冷却模块性能,但决定因素是风扇与热交换器模块之间的匹配特性。另外,研究还发现冷却模块内部各热交换器流动与传热互相耦合,前排热交换器对于后排热交换器传热性能的抑制十分明显。5)通过对多热交换器并联结构独立式冷却模块的数值仿真分析发现,当热交换器对置布置时,冷却模块具有最佳的流动传热性能,且各热交换器之间具有流动协同特性,可以通过改变热交换器间的相对尺寸实现热交换器气侧流量的主动控制。6)通过对各种结构与类型的独立式冷却模块的评价分析,发现有效阻力系数适用于评价热交换器与冷却模块之间的匹配完善程度；风扇效率适用于评价冷却模块功耗；风扇与热交换器匹配曲线适用于评价风扇与不同结构热交换器模块之间的匹配合理性,而冷却效率适用于评价冷却模块效能。因而,对于冷却模块的评价分析要结合各类评价参数综合进行。
[Abstract]:At present, in order to solve the contradiction between the space layout of the vehicle cooling module and the synergistic optimization between the two indexes of aerodynamic drag and heat transfer efficiency, the independent cooling module technology has been listed as one of the important technical means. However, the research on the internal flow and heat transfer rules and the coordination matching law of the independent cooling module is still in the initial stage. The research focus is mostly focused on the traditional cooling module, and the design matching theory of the new independent cooling module is still lack of systematic research. The research is mostly conceptual design and lack of theoretical depth. In this paper, numerical simulation combined with experimental method is used to study the flow and heat transfer of independent cooling module, including the fan and heat exchanger module. The matching law, the coordination characteristics between the multi heat exchangers, the performance evaluation parameters and the applicable principles, the independent cooling module calculation and analysis method and the cooperative design matching theory are formed. The main research contents include: 1) the research on the numerical simulation method of the independent cooling module is suitable for the fan and heat transfer of the vehicle cooling module. The numerical simulation accuracy of the fan and heat exchanger is improved by the numerical simulation method. On this basis, a numerical simulation model.2 of the vehicle cooling module, composed of the above model, is established. The independent cooling module simulation model test system is established for the independent cooling module simulation test system for the independent cooling module, and the independent cooling module value is carried out. The validity of the model is verified, including the macro test verification of the flow and heat transfer performance of the independent cooling module and the flow field visualization microtest verification.3) independent cooling module matching analysis method to study the matching of the cooling module of the fan and the single heat exchanger, and study the aerodynamic performance and matching characteristics of the change of the matching parameters between the two. The influence of the cooling module matching of the fan and the multi heat exchanger in series is studied, and the influence of the inlet number and relative position on the flow and heat transfer performance and its matching characteristics is studied. The cooling module matching of the fan and the multi heat exchanger parallel structure is studied, and the heat transfer performance of the cooling module is studied by the change of the phase counterposition between the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger. The influence of matching characteristics.4) the performance evaluation parameters of independent cooling module are studied with effective resistance coefficient, fan efficiency, cooling efficiency, cooling module matching characteristic curve as evaluation parameters, independent cooling module of different structures and types, evaluation of the application range and characteristics of each evaluation parameter.5) independent cooling die Research on synergistic characteristics of block multi heat exchanger in independent cooling module, the research on the coordination characteristics of flow heat transfer performance between multi heat exchangers, including the series distribution of heat exchanger resistance in the multi heat exchanger series structure independent cooling module, and the parallel resistance of the multi heat exchanger in the single vertical cooling module. The interaction of flow and heat transfer between multi heat exchanger and its influence on the overall performance of the cooling module are studied. The following conclusions are obtained: 1) through the numerical simulation method of the independent cooling module, it is found that for the heat exchanger model, the porous medium resistance model based on the performance test data is used. After modifying the parameters of the porous medium, the precision of numerical simulation is improved. For the fan model, the simulation results are closer to the test value.2 after the surface function of the blade surface is combined with the wall surface function. It is found that the aerodynamic drag force test value of the heat exchanger is in good agreement with the simulation value; through the micro flow, the temperature of the heat exchanger is in good agreement with the simulation value; through the micro flow, the flow of the heat exchanger is in good agreement with the simulation value. The field visualization test found that the transient change period of the internal wind speed in the cooling module, the velocity distribution on the inlet surface of the heat exchanger and the internal eddy current zone of the cooling module are in good agreement with the test results, and the validity of the cooling module's validity.3) is verified by the number of the matching parameters of the independent cooling module of the single heat exchanger. The value simulation study shows that when there is a certain relative angle and relative area ratio between the fan and the heat exchanger, the cooling module has the best aerodynamic performance. Therefore, a double matching method, which includes the matching of the resistance characteristics of the fan and the heat exchanger and the relative position matching between the fan and the heat exchanger,.4) is put forward by the multi heat exchanger series structure independent cooling die. In the block numerical simulation study, it is found that changing the number and relative position of the inlet of the cooling module can optimize the performance of the cooling module, but the determining factor is the matching characteristic between the fan and the heat exchanger module. In addition, it is found that the heat exchanger is coupled with the heat transfer in the cooling module, and the front row heat exchanger is used for the back heat exchanger. The suppression of heat transfer performance is very obvious.5) through the numerical simulation analysis of the parallel structure independent cooling module of the multi heat exchanger, it is found that the cooling module has the best flow and heat transfer performance when the heat exchanger is disposed and the heat exchanger has the flow synergistic characteristics between the heat exchangers, and the relative size between the heat exchangers can be changed by changing the relative size. The active control of the air side flow of the current heat exchanger.6) through the evaluation and analysis of the independent cooling module of various structures and types, it is found that the effective resistance coefficient is suitable for evaluating the matching perfection between the heat exchanger and the cooling module. The fan efficiency is suitable for evaluating the power consumption of the cooling module, and the matching curve of the fan and heat exchanger is applicable. The rationality of the matching between the fan and the different structure heat exchanger modules is evaluated, and the cooling efficiency is suitable for evaluating the efficiency of the cooling module. Therefore, the evaluation and analysis of the cooling module should be combined with various evaluation parameters.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U464.138

【参考文献】