ECU接口电路设计及信号处理研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 01:23

本文选题：ECU + 接口电路　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：电子控制是确保发动机高效运行最有效的技术手段,也是发动机各种节能减排措施可靠应用的根本保障。电控单元(ECU)是发动机管理系统(EMS)的核心部件,其输入/输出(I/O)接口电路直接关系到发动机各个控制回路的调控性能。传感器输入接口电路的作用是无失真地传输信号或正确地进行信号变换,输出接口电路则用于驱动执行器工作且避免控制失效,因此,ECU I/O接口电路的设计是ECU硬件开发的基础,也是传感器、执行器与ECU匹配的重要工作。本文基于发动机ECU硬件电路结构和元器件参数的分析,针对一些典型的输入/输出信号,利用电子线路CAD软件进行电路仿真研究,分析I/O接口电路的设计原则和标准,确定传感器、执行器与ECU硬件匹配的关键要素和参数,并进行I/O接口电路的优化设计。主要研究内容如下：(1)典型模拟输入接口电路的设计。根据不同传感器的特性以及输入信号抗混叠滤波与采样要求,借助于电路仿真和参数计算,设计电路结构和元器件参数,并进行传感器与接口电路的匹配分析。(2)典型频率信号调理电路设计。设计了滞回比较、过零比较和差分比较三种电路,并在Pspice软件中进行了仿真验证,指出了这三种通用电路在处理磁电式曲轴位置传感器输出信号时存在的问题,并设计了一种新的信号调理电路,并且在Pspice软件中进行了仿真验证。(3)典型输出接口电路的设计。根据不同执行器的特性和驱动要求,借助于电路仿真和参数计算,设计电路结构和元器件参数。主要设计炭罐电磁阀、OCV阀的低边驱动电路,详细分析了MOS管的选用原则；详细分析了GDI发动机喷油器驱动电路中的Boost升压电路的稳态过程,及升压电路中各元器件的选用原则,在Pspice软件中进行了仿真验证；详细分析了点火开关需要的特性,分析了IGBT的特性,设计了驱动电路,并进行了仿真验证。
[Abstract]:Electronic control is not only the most effective technical means to ensure the efficient operation of the engine, but also the fundamental guarantee for the reliable application of various energy saving and emission reduction measures. Electronic control unit (ECU) is the core component of engine management system (EMS). Its input / output I / O interface circuit is directly related to the control performance of engine control circuits. The function of the sensor input interface circuit is to transmit the signal without distortion or to perform the signal transformation correctly, and the output interface circuit is used to drive the actuator to work and avoid the control failure. Therefore, the design of the ECU I / O interface circuit is the basis of the ECU hardware development. It is also an important work for sensors, actuators and ECU matching. Based on the analysis of the structure of engine ECU hardware circuit and the parameters of components and components, this paper analyzes the design principles and standards of I / O interface circuit by using electronic circuit CAD software to simulate some typical input / output signals. The key elements and parameters of sensor, actuator and ECU hardware matching are determined, and the I / O interface circuit is optimized. The main contents are as follows: 1) the design of typical analog input interface circuit. According to the characteristics of different sensors and the anti-aliasing filtering and sampling requirements of input signals, the circuit structure and component parameters are designed by means of circuit simulation and parameter calculation. The design of typical frequency signal conditioning circuit for sensor and interface circuit. Three kinds of circuits, hysteretic comparison, zero-crossing comparison and differential comparison, are designed and simulated in Pspice software. The problems in processing the output signals of magnetoelectric crankshaft position sensor are pointed out. A new signal conditioning circuit is designed and simulated in Pspice software to verify the design of typical output interface circuit. According to the characteristics and driving requirements of different actuators, the circuit structure and component parameters are designed by means of circuit simulation and parameter calculation. The low side driving circuit of solenoid valve in carbon tank is designed, the selection principle of MOS tube is analyzed in detail, the steady-state process of Boost boost circuit in driving circuit of GDI engine injector is analyzed in detail, and the selection principle of components in booster circuit is analyzed in detail. The characteristics of ignition switch are analyzed in detail, the characteristics of IGBT are analyzed, the driving circuit is designed, and the simulation is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U464

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