功能改性聚丁二酸丁二醇酯复合材料制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 17:48

本文选题：聚丁二酸丁二醇酯 + 改性玄武岩纤维　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来随着社会的进步,汽车不仅是代步的工具,也是移动的舒适空间,人们对汽车内饰的绿色、环保、安全的要求越来越高,汽车内饰塑料材质的选择也直接影响内饰的环保指数。聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(Poly(butylene succinate), PBS)由于具有较好的综合性能、良好的加工性能,成为近年来快速发展的新型生物可降解塑料。但是,其较弱的力学性能和可燃性制约了其在车用材料领域内的发展。本文通过密炼机,以聚丁二酸丁二醇酯为基体材料,分别选取玄武岩纤维(Basalt Fiber, BF)做增强组分、次磷酸铝(Aluminum Hypophosphite, AHP)做阻燃组分制备一系列改性PBS复合材料,并对比研究了改性前后PBS复合材料的结构与性能。论文的主要内容如下：1)以改性玄武岩纤维(Modified Basalt Fiber, MBF)为增强组分,制备了四种不同纤维含量的改性玄武岩纤维/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(MBF/PBS)口一种未改性的玄武岩纤维/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(BF/PBS),并对比研究了改性前后和不同纤维含量对复合材料结构与性能的影响。结果表明,与纯的PBS和未改性BF/PBS复合材料相比,经硅烷偶联剂KH550改性的MBF/PBS复合材料的拉伸性能得到明显提高。纤维改性后,增加了表面粗糙度,纤维与树脂之间的界面得到增强。粗糙的纤维表面为PBS结晶提供了成核点,形成了独特的“串晶”现象。同时纤维在PBS结晶过程起到异相成核的作用,提高了复合材料的起始结晶温度和结晶速率,为缩短产品的生产周期提供了数据基础。2)以次磷酸铝(AHP)为阻燃组分,制备了四种不同含量的聚丁二酸丁二醇酯／次磷酸铝(PBS/AHP),详细研究了不同含量AHP的引入对PBS/AHP性能的影响。结果表明,少量的AHP的加入使PBS/AHP拉伸强度有所提升,继续增加AHP的含量则拉伸强度有所下降。结晶行为研究表明,AHP的加入提高了PBS结晶的成核密度,降低了晶球尺寸,提升了PBS的结晶速率。阻燃测试结果表明,纯的PBS有明显的熔滴现象,随着AHP的增加,熔滴现象明显改善,且AHP含量增加到20%和25%时,其复合材料氧指数大于27%,达到难燃级别,UL-94阻燃效果也达到V-0级别,具有较好的阻燃效果。这为功能改性PBS在汽车内饰材料领域的进一步应用提供了支持。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the progress of the society, the automobile is not only the tool for walking, but also the comfortable space for moving. People have higher and higher demands on the green, environmental protection and safety of automobile interior. The choice of plastic material for automotive interior also directly affects the environmental protection index of interior decoration. Poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) has become a new biodegradable plastic with rapid development in recent years due to its good comprehensive properties and good processability. However, its weak mechanical properties and flammability restrict its development in the field of automotive materials. In this paper, a series of modified PBS composites were prepared by using polybutylene succinate as matrix material, basalt fiber as reinforcing component, aluminum hypophosphite as flame retardant component, and aluminum hypophosphite as flame retardant component. The structure and properties of PBS composites before and after modification were compared. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the modified basalt fiber modified Basalt Fiber, MBF) is used as the enhancement component. Four kinds of modified basalt fibers / polybutylene succinate / MBF / PBSs with different fiber contents were prepared. An unmodified basalt fiber / polybutylene succinate / BF / PBSs was prepared. Effects of structure and properties of composite materials. The results show that compared with pure PBS and unmodified BF/PBS composites, the tensile properties of MBF/PBS composites modified by silane coupling agent KH550 are obviously improved. The surface roughness was increased and the interface between fiber and resin was strengthened. Rough fiber surface provides nucleation point for PBS crystallization, forming a unique "string" phenomenon. At the same time, the fiber plays the role of heterogeneous nucleation in the crystallization process of PBS, increases the initial crystallization temperature and crystallization rate of the composite, and provides a data basis for shortening the production cycle of the product. 2) the aluminum hypophosphate (AHP) is used as the flame-retardant component. Four kinds of poly (butylene succinate) / aluminum hypophosphate (PBS / AHP) with different contents were prepared. The effects of different AHP contents on the properties of PBS/AHP were studied in detail. The results showed that the tensile strength of PBS/AHP was increased with the addition of a small amount of AHP, and the tensile strength decreased with increasing the content of AHP. The crystallization behavior study shows that the nucleation density of PBS crystal is increased, the crystal sphere size is reduced and the crystallization rate of PBS is increased. The results of flame retardancy test showed that pure PBS had obvious droplet phenomenon. With the increase of AHP, the droplet phenomenon was obviously improved, and the content of AHP increased to 20% and 25%, respectively. The oxygen index of the composite is more than 27, and the flame retardant effect of UL-94 is also V-0. It has a good flame retardant effect. This provides support for the further application of functional modified PBS in the field of automotive interior materials.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U465.6

【参考文献】