24GHz汽车防撞雷达天馈关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 07:52

本文选题：小型化 + 低成本　；参考：《南京理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国内经济的发展,汽车保有量逐年增加,高速交通安全形势愈加严峻,积极发展汽车防撞雷达系统为驾驶员提供危险预警,可以避免大量的人员伤亡和财产损失。本文围绕低成本小型化汽车防撞雷达前端系统展开,重点是天线与馈电设计。主要内容有：(1)本文在比较国内外现有汽车防撞雷达技术特点的基础上,以低成本小型化为重点设计前端系统方案,主要包括线性调频连续波体制的T/R组件以及一发双收结构的微带阵列天线,通过双通道接收回波比相实现测角。根据系统指标制订了T/R组件的设计方案以及天线的设计参数。(2)基于项目需要分析选择合适的介质基板,比较分析后选用矩形贴片,并对矩形贴片宽度进行研究,确定宽度为1.5倍长度,完成插入式馈电和非辐射边馈电单元的设计仿真。在尺寸限制下,选择并联馈电形式,根据阵因子乘积原理,利用天线设计参数估算阵元排布,对馈电网络进行优化,完成收发阵列的设计,仿真结果达到指标要求。(3)完成收发天线的驻波测试,并对前端系统进行静态模拟实验,用铝合金板代替汽车作为目标,使用示波器观察回波信号,实验显示测距功能良好,天线波束覆盖范围正常,增益达标。项目完成T/R组件和收发天线的设计和制作,外场实验结果初步达到设计要求,验证了本方案的合理性和可实现性,对接下来的改进和信号处理模块的设计提供了参照。
[Abstract]:With the development of domestic economy, the number of vehicles is increasing year by year, and the high speed traffic safety situation is becoming more and more serious. The active development of automobile anti-collision radar system to provide danger warning for drivers can avoid a large number of casualties and property losses. This paper focuses on the design of antenna and feed for low-cost miniaturized automotive anti-collision radar front-end system. On the basis of comparing the technical characteristics of the existing automobile collision prevention radar at home and abroad, this paper focuses on the design of the front-end system scheme with the emphasis on low cost miniaturization. It mainly includes the Tr module of the linear frequency modulation continuous wave system and the microstrip array antenna with one transmitter and two receiving structure. The angle measurement is realized by the dual-channel echo ratio phase. According to the system index, the design scheme of the T / R module and the design parameter of the antenna are worked out. (2) the suitable dielectric substrate is selected based on the item needs analysis, and the rectangular patch is selected after comparison and analysis, and the width of the rectangular patch is studied. The width is determined to be 1.5 times the length, and the design simulation of the plug-in feed and non-radiating edge feed unit is completed. According to the principle of array factor product, the array layout is estimated by antenna design parameters, and the feed network is optimized to complete the design of transceiver array. The simulation results meet the requirements of the target. 3) the standing wave test of the transceiver antenna is completed, and the static simulation experiment of the front-end system is carried out. The aluminum alloy plate is used instead of the automobile as the target, and the echo signal is observed by using the oscilloscope. The experiment shows that the ranging function is good. The antenna beam coverage is normal and the gain is up to standard. The design and fabrication of the T / R module and the transceiver antenna are completed. The results of the field experiment meet the design requirements preliminarily, which verify the rationality and realizability of the scheme. It provides a reference for the following improvement and the design of the signal processing module.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.67

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