汽车散热器的多场耦合分析与结构优化

发布时间：2018-07-03 06:49

本文选题：汽车散热器 + 多场耦合　；参考：《贵州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：散热器是汽车发动机冷却系统的重要部件,其散热性能直接影响发动机的动力性、可靠性和经济性。本文在总结散热器研究工作中存在模型简化、多场耦合分析缺乏、管型结构可变性低等问题的基础上,利用CFD方法及耦合传热理论开展了新型散热器的研究。主要研究工作如下:首先,对散热器工作过程中所涉及的物理场进行分析,并根据其性能考核指标确定从温度场、流场和压力耦合的角度对散热器进行传热分析。其次,根据流体力学关于流道结构影响流动状态的相关理论,在常用扁型散热管的基础上提出两种长宽比分别为5和10的收腰型散热管。通过模拟仿真发现提出的收腰型散热管散热性能优于扁型散热管,其中长宽比为5的收腰型散热管综合性能高于其余两种散热管。再次,以提出的收腰型散热管为基础,建立包含散热翅片的收腰管百叶窗散热器耦合传热模型。通过模拟仿真得到不同工况的换热特性和流动阻力特性,将其与风洞试验结果进行对比发现二者吻合较好,验证了分析方法和模型的可靠性。并通过对比不同管型散热器的风洞试验结果,发现收腰管散热器的散热性能优于圆管、椭圆管、扁管散热器。最后,对散热翅片进行多参数优化。根据正交试验法建立了9组不同参数组合的散热器性能分析模型,总结了各参数对散热性能的影响规律,得到一组综合性能较好的散热翅片参数。本文的研究结论可以为散热器的结构改进以及管型与散热翅片的选型匹配提供参考,有利于促进新型散热器的设计研发。
[Abstract]:Radiator is an important part of automobile engine cooling system. Its heat dissipation performance directly affects engine power, reliability and economy. On the basis of summarizing the problems of simplified model, lack of multi-field coupling analysis and low variability of tube structure in the research work of radiator, a new type of radiator is studied by using CFD method and coupled heat transfer theory. The main research work is as follows: firstly, the physical field involved in the radiator working process is analyzed, and the heat transfer analysis of the radiator is made from the point of view of temperature field, flow field and pressure coupling according to its performance evaluation index. Secondly, based on the theory of fluid mechanics that the flow channel structure affects the flow state, two kinds of heat dissipation tubes with aspect ratio of 5 and 10 are proposed on the basis of the commonly used flat heat dissipation tubes. Through simulation, it is found that the heat dissipation performance of the heat dissipation pipe is better than that of the flat type heat dissipation pipe, and the comprehensive performance of the take-up heat dissipation pipe with the aspect ratio of 5 is better than that of the other two kinds of heat dissipation pipes. Thirdly, the coupled heat transfer model of the shutter radiator with fin is established on the basis of the proposed heat dissipation tube. The heat transfer characteristics and flow resistance characteristics of different working conditions are obtained by simulation and compared with the results of wind tunnel test. It is found that the two methods are in good agreement with each other and the reliability of the analysis method and model is verified. By comparing the wind tunnel test results of different tube type radiators, it is found that the radiator of the take-up tube is superior to the round tube, the elliptical tube and the flat tube radiator. Finally, the multi-parameter optimization of heat-dissipating fin is carried out. According to the orthogonal test method, the performance analysis models of 9 groups of radiators with different parameters are established, and the influence of each parameter on the heat dissipation performance is summarized, and a group of heat dissipation fin parameters with better comprehensive performance are obtained. The conclusion of this paper can provide a reference for the structure improvement of the radiator and the type selection match between the tube shape and the fin, which is helpful to promote the design and development of the new type radiator.
【学位授予单位】：贵州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U464.138.2

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