汽车内饰件与乘员头部碰撞仿真自动化模块开发及应用
发布时间：2018-10-08 19:22
【摘要】：在交通事故中,汽车内饰件与乘员头部碰撞造成的损伤是最为严重的,因此如何减少内饰件与乘员头部的二次碰撞,保护乘员的安全日益受到关注。NHTSA颁布了FMVSS201U法规,通过内饰头部碰撞试验对车内内饰件的安全性能进行考查,为内饰件设计的提供了依据。采用有限元方法模拟FMVSS201U法规的试验过程,能够减少内饰与头部碰撞试验的次数,缩短开发的周期。为了简化内饰头部试验仿真建模过程,实现其流程自动化,本文基于Hyper Mesh平台,开发了汽车内饰件与乘员头部碰撞仿真自动化模块,主要的研究内容如下:提出了通过对混Ⅲ假人头部有限元模型改型的方法,建立符合内饰头部碰撞试验标准的FMH有限元模型。首先研究了混Ⅲ假人头部与FMH之间的区别,对混Ⅲ假人头部的鼻子和后头盖骨重新建模,并定义了头部的前额碰撞区域。确定了头型各部分的材料密度,在头型内部添加了合适的质量块,保证头型的质量、质心位置和转动惯量均符合要求。最后采用参数反求方法,对头皮的材料部分参数进行优化,并利用跌落试验仿真对优化结果进行验证,结果表明,所建头部模型的动态性能良好,可以用于内饰头部碰撞试验的仿真分析。采用二次开发技术开发了用于内饰件与乘员头部碰撞仿真的自动化模块,实现了内饰头部碰撞仿真的流程化和自动化,为用户提供了一个友好、方便和快速的工具。利用TCL/TK进行编程,对大量的参数输入进行简化,根据法规,实现了碰撞测试点的自动创建,其中包括识别关键参考点、创建曲面轮廓线及定长找点等。然后分析了头部内饰碰撞过程的运动和能量变化规律,发现头部的转动运动会减小头部碰撞的伤害值(HIC(d))。进一步对接近角和头部伤害值的关系进行研究,以水平和垂直接近角作为变量,对处于不同水平和垂直接近角的头型进行碰撞仿真,结果表明水平接近角越垂直碰撞面,垂直接近角越大,则头部伤害值越大。基于上述结论,通过编程自动判断头型的最差工况位置,根据接触法则将FMH定位至测试点处。完成定位后,程序自动定义接触参数、碰撞速度,并将计算文件保存至指定文件处。为了验证自动化模块的准确性和有效性,以某款车为例,利用开发的自动化模块标记内饰件上的碰撞测试点,针对每个测试点,将FMH定位至最差工况,并输出测试点及定位结果数据,与某商业软件的结果进行对比,误差值小,计算精度高。将导出计算文件提交给LS_DYNA,进行了内饰头部碰撞的仿真分析,得到每个测试点的头部伤害值,并针对伤害值大于1000的内饰件,提出了内饰件结构的改进措施。
[Abstract]:In the traffic accident, the damage caused by the collision between the automobile interior accessories and the occupant's head is the most serious. Therefore, how to reduce the secondary collision between the interior accessories and the occupant's head, and how to protect the safety of the occupant are paid more and more attention to. NHTSA has issued the FMVSS201U regulations. The safety performance of the interior parts of the vehicle is examined by the head impact test, which provides the basis for the design of the interior accessories. The finite element method is used to simulate the test process of FMVSS201U code, which can reduce the number of collision tests between the interior and the head and shorten the development period. In order to simplify the simulation and modeling process of interior decoration head test and realize the automation of the process, this paper develops the simulation automation module of automobile interior decoration and crew head collision based on Hyper Mesh platform. The main research contents are as follows: the FMH finite element model which accords with the standard of interior head impact test is established by modifying the finite element model of mixed 鈪，
本文编号：2257973
[Abstract]:In the traffic accident, the damage caused by the collision between the automobile interior accessories and the occupant's head is the most serious. Therefore, how to reduce the secondary collision between the interior accessories and the occupant's head, and how to protect the safety of the occupant are paid more and more attention to. NHTSA has issued the FMVSS201U regulations. The safety performance of the interior parts of the vehicle is examined by the head impact test, which provides the basis for the design of the interior accessories. The finite element method is used to simulate the test process of FMVSS201U code, which can reduce the number of collision tests between the interior and the head and shorten the development period. In order to simplify the simulation and modeling process of interior decoration head test and realize the automation of the process, this paper develops the simulation automation module of automobile interior decoration and crew head collision based on Hyper Mesh platform. The main research contents are as follows: the FMH finite element model which accords with the standard of interior head impact test is established by modifying the finite element model of mixed 鈪，
本文编号：2257973
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