车路实验系统中车辆模型的动力学分析及实验

发布时间：2018-12-14 09:04

【摘要】：汽车驾驶时,道路不平度引起车辆振动,这种振动作用到路面结构,造成了路面破坏,甚至一些道路在投入使用不久后路面就出现了早期损伤,从而加剧了汽车振动,影响车辆平顺性及安全性。减小车辆与路面的相互作用力,保证其在一定合理范围内,改善车辆行驶平顺性,成为车路系统动力学研究的重点。本文构建了用于分析车路系统动力学的车路模型实验系统,建立了基于空气悬架和轮胎刚度特性的非线性车辆模型,和非线性人-车振动模型。主要研究内容及结论如下:(1)设计、构建了用于分析车辆响应特性和车路相互作用的车路模型实验系统,制定了实验方案,并搭建了测试系统,进行了相应实验。(2)建立了二自由度非线性车辆模型,仿真得到模型在正弦路面和随机路面下动力学响应特性,研究了车速、路面不平度及车辆参数对车辆动载影响。(3)从激励频率、路面不平度、车辆参数等角度对二自由度非线性车辆系统分岔与混沌进行研究,分析表明系统存在分岔和亚谐共振现象,概周期、混沌和超混沌运动等非线性响应特性。(4)建立了分析车辆平顺性的非线性人-车振动模型,研究发现用车身加速度评价车辆平顺性不够全面,改变悬架和轮胎参数可提高平顺性。测试结果和仿真结果对比分析,表明车路模型实验系统能反映实际车路作用的力学特性,为室内实验方法研究车路系统动力学问题提供了参考依据,本文的研究结果具有一定的理论意义和工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:When a car is driving, the road roughness causes the vehicle vibration, which acts on the pavement structure and causes the road surface damage. Even some roads appear early damage after the road is put into use, thus exacerbating the vehicle vibration. Affect vehicle ride comfort and safety. Reducing the interaction force between the vehicle and the road surface and ensuring that the vehicle ride comfort can be improved within a certain reasonable range has become the focus of the vehicle road system dynamics research. In this paper, an experimental system of vehicle path model is constructed to analyze the dynamics of vehicle path system. The nonlinear vehicle model based on air suspension and tire stiffness characteristics and nonlinear man-vehicle vibration model are established. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) A vehicle-road model experiment system is designed to analyze vehicle response characteristics and vehicle-road interaction. The corresponding experiments are carried out. (2) the nonlinear vehicle model with two degrees of freedom is established, and the dynamic response characteristics of the model under sinusoidal and random pavement are obtained by simulation, and the speed of vehicle is studied. The influence of road roughness and vehicle parameters on vehicle dynamic load. (3) the bifurcation and chaos of nonlinear vehicle system with two degrees of freedom are studied from the angle of excitation frequency, road roughness and vehicle parameters. The analysis shows that there are bifurcation and subharmonic resonance phenomena, almost periodic, chaotic and hyperchaotic motion and other nonlinear response characteristics. (4) A nonlinear man-vehicle vibration model is established to analyze vehicle ride comfort. It is found that the evaluation of vehicle ride comfort by body acceleration is not comprehensive enough, and the ride comfort can be improved by changing the suspension and tire parameters. The comparison and analysis of the test results and the simulation results show that the experimental system can reflect the mechanical characteristics of the actual vehicle path, which provides a reference for the indoor experimental method to study the dynamic problems of the vehicle-road system. The results of this paper have certain theoretical significance and engineering application value.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄铁道大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U467

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