自卸车举升机构智能控制系统研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 18:03

【摘要】：自卸车在我国经济建设中起着重要的作用。举升机构是自卸车的核心工作机构,举升机构自动化程度已逐渐成为制约自卸车发展的一个重要因素。因此,拥有一款安全、准确、高效的举升机构控制系统对提高自卸车的整车性能显得尤为重要。论文对国内外的自卸车需求进行了市场分析,总结了市场上自卸车举升机构控制方面存在的缺陷与不足。通过对比研究并对目前市场上自卸车反应出的比较集中且急需解决的技术难题进行分析,得出自卸车举升机构自动化控制方面为研究盲区。因此,论文致力于设计一款基于CAN总线自卸车举升机构的控制系统。论文运用CAN总线通信技术,结合控制器软硬件设计,实现举升机构控制系统自动化程度高、安全、高效、可靠等性能需求。采用CAN总线作为控制系统通信总线。对CAN总线协议进行技术分析与研究,如总线分层结构、帧结构、报文传输、报文滤波等。对举升机构控制系统进行软硬件研究开发。进行举升机构控制系统各功能模块的分块设计,主要功能模块有CAN通信模块、液晶显示模块、举升角采集模块、语音模块、按键操作模块以及模拟执行模块等。对论文所设计的举升机构控制器进行了相关性能实验,主要有CAN通信实验、举升角采集实验、液晶显示实验、语音提示实验和舵机模拟执行实验等。采用CAN总线减少了控制线束,同时提高了系统的可扩展性以及可靠性;采用货箱角度传感器及角度液晶显示和语音提示功能,降低操作人员的操作难度,提高举升机构的自动化程度,使其更加安全、高效、可靠。通过对模拟执行器舵机的操作控制,实现了不同工况下的性能需求,满足设计要求。实验结果表明,基于CAN总线的自卸车举升机构控系统软硬件设计合理,电控系统可行,实现了智能化控制举升机构的目的。
[Abstract]:Dump truck plays an important role in China's economic construction. Lifting mechanism is the core working mechanism of dump truck. The degree of automation of lifting mechanism has gradually become an important factor restricting the development of dump truck. Therefore, it is very important to have a safe, accurate and efficient lifting mechanism control system to improve the performance of dump truck. This paper analyzes the demand of dump truck at home and abroad, and summarizes the defects and shortcomings in the control of lifting mechanism of dump truck in the market. Through comparative study and analysis of the relatively concentrated and urgent technical problems reflected by the dump truck in the market at present, it is concluded that the automatic control of the lifting mechanism of the dump truck is the blind area of the research. Therefore, the paper devotes to design a control system of lifting mechanism of dump truck based on CAN bus. In this paper, CAN bus communication technology and controller hardware and software design are used to realize the requirements of high automation, safety, high efficiency and reliability of lifting mechanism control system. The CAN bus is used as the communication bus of the control system. The technical analysis and research of CAN bus protocol, such as bus hierarchical structure, frame structure, message transmission, message filtering, etc. The software and hardware of the lifting mechanism control system are researched and developed. The main functional modules are CAN communication module, liquid crystal display module, lifting angle acquisition module, voice module, key operation module and simulation execution module. The related performance experiments of the lifting mechanism controller are carried out, including CAN communication experiment, lifting angle acquisition experiment, liquid crystal display experiment, voice prompting experiment and steering gear simulation execution experiment, etc. The use of CAN bus reduces the control harness and improves the scalability and reliability of the system. The angle sensor of cargo box and the function of angle liquid crystal display and voice prompt are adopted to reduce the difficulty of operation and improve the automation of lifting mechanism to make it more safe, efficient and reliable. Through the operation and control of the simulative actuator steering gear, the performance requirements under different operating conditions are realized and the design requirements are met. The experimental results show that the hardware and software design of the lifting mechanism control system of the dump truck based on CAN bus is reasonable and the electronic control system is feasible.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.4

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