基于轮毂电机四轮驱动的电动试验车总体设计

发布时间：2019-02-18 07:59

【摘要】：对于面临愈加严峻的能源短缺和环境污染压力的汽车产业来说,电动汽车的重要意义已无需多言。而轮毂电机驱动技术作为电动汽车发展的一个重要技术领域,与普通电动汽车相比,其在整车布置设计上更加灵活;通过电能量传递代替了传统机械传动装置以在简化结构的同时提高了传动效率。而且在采用四轮驱动形式后,其四轮转矩、转速独立易测可控的特点使得其动力输出响应更快、精度更高,从而更加易于实现牵引力控制、防抱死系统及横摆力矩控制等多个方面的整车控制技术。因此需要建立一个轮毂电机四轮驱动的纯电动试验车平台,以便于通过此平台进行各类驱动控制技术的研究。本文系统研究了基于轮毂电机驱动的电动汽车技术的研究意义、国内外研究现状及待解决的关键技术。分析了轮毂电机电动汽车的结构特点,在此基础上结合本轮毂电机电动试验车的功能性和动力性设计原则,提出了整车动力性能指标及总体设计方案,完成了动力系统关键部件(驱动电机及动力电池)的匹配设计和产品选型。确定了电动试验车的基本结构参数,完成了轮毂电机的连接、转向系统及制动系统的安装、传感器及控制器的布置、仪表台与工作平台以及车架等多项设计,并进行了试验车的初步搭建。根据设计的动力系统性能参数及整车结构参数,在ADVISOR2002软件中建立车辆四轮驱动模块及各项部件模型,进行了相应的仿真计算。从仿真结果可以看出,基本实现了各项动力性能设计目标,表明所设计的轮毂电机四轮驱动纯电动试验车满足设计要求,可以作为后续各项驱动控制研究的试验平台。
[Abstract]:The importance of electric vehicles is no longer necessary for the automotive industry, which faces increasingly severe energy shortages and environmental pollution pressures. As an important technical field of electric vehicle development, the wheel hub motor drive technology is more flexible in the layout design of the whole vehicle than that of the ordinary electric vehicle. In order to simplify the structure and improve the transmission efficiency, the traditional mechanical transmission device is replaced by electric energy transfer. Moreover, after adopting the four-wheel drive, its four-wheel torque and speed are easy to measure and control, which makes the power output response faster and the accuracy higher, so it is easier to realize traction control. Anti-lock braking system and yaw torque control and other aspects of vehicle control technology. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a pure electric test vehicle platform with four wheel drive of hub motor, so as to study various driving and control technologies through this platform. In this paper, the research significance of electric vehicle technology based on hub motor drive, the research status at home and abroad and the key technologies to be solved are systematically studied. Based on the analysis of the structural characteristics of the wheel hub motor electric vehicle, combined with the design principle of the function and power performance of the hub motor electric test vehicle, the dynamic performance index and the overall design scheme of the wheel hub motor electric vehicle are put forward. The matching design and product selection of key components (driving motor and power battery) of power system are completed. The basic structural parameters of the electric test vehicle are determined, the connection of hub motor, the installation of steering system and braking system, the arrangement of sensor and controller, the design of instrument table and working platform, and the frame of vehicle are completed. The preliminary construction of the test vehicle is also carried out. According to the performance parameters of the designed power system and the structural parameters of the whole vehicle, the vehicle four-wheel driving module and its components models are established in ADVISOR2002 software, and the corresponding simulation calculation is carried out. It can be seen from the simulation results that the design objectives of dynamic performance are basically realized, which indicates that the designed four-wheel drive pure electric test vehicle of hub motor can meet the design requirements and can be used as a test platform for the subsequent research on drive and control.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.72

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