新型机械弹性车轮的结构强度分析与疲劳寿命预测

发布时间：2019-02-22 12:07

【摘要】：轮胎是汽车行驶系统中重要的安全部件,其结构性能对整车的安全性有着重要影响。本文主要研究了一种新型机械弹性安全车轮的结构强度和疲劳寿命,以及结构和尺寸因素对其疲劳寿命的影响等问题,为机械弹性车轮的设计优化和应用推广提供了重要参考。(1)介绍机械弹性车轮的结构及承载方式,对其进行合理的简化,在三维建模软件PROE中建立其几何模型,利用ANSYS软件进行有限元网格划分、材料属性设置等前处理工作。进行机械弹性车轮骨架径向加载有限元仿真计算,通过仿真结果与试验结果的对比,验证所建立模型的正确性。(2)基于车轮动态弯曲疲劳试验,建立疲劳试验的有限元模型。采用幅值和频率相同的正弦载荷和余弦载荷模拟车轮骨架载荷循环过程;基于Miner线性疲劳累积损伤理论进行疲劳寿命预测。分析表明,车轮骨架的疲劳破坏主要集中在弹性环组合卡与铰链组的连接部位,对于12组铰链结构的车轮,最小疲劳寿命为40.3万次。(3)研究机械弹性车轮疲劳寿命的影响因素。结果表明,随着铰链组个数、铰链组横截面积的增加,疲劳寿命呈非线性增加;随着实际负荷的增加,疲劳寿命呈下降趋势。选取12组铰链结构的车轮,以轮毂厚度和铰链组厚度为设计变量,以机械弹性车轮的重量最小和疲劳寿命最高为设计目标,分别采用样本筛选法和多目标遗传算法进行了优化设计,优化后机械弹性车轮疲劳寿命值提高了48.5%,重量增加了4.1%。
[Abstract]:Tire is an important safety component in vehicle driving system, and its structure and performance have an important influence on the safety of the whole vehicle. In this paper, the structural strength and fatigue life of a new type of mechanoelastic safety wheel are studied, and the influence of structure and dimension on its fatigue life is also discussed. It provides an important reference for the design optimization and application of mechanical elastic wheels. (1) the structure and bearing mode of mechanical elastic wheels are introduced, and their geometric models are established in the 3D modeling software PROE. The finite element mesh generation and material attribute setting are processed by ANSYS software. The finite element simulation calculation of radial loading of mechanical elastic wheel frame is carried out, and the correctness of the established model is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results. (2) based on the wheel dynamic bending fatigue test, The finite element model of fatigue test is established. The cyclic process of wheel skeleton load is simulated by sine load and cosine load with the same amplitude and frequency, and the fatigue life is predicted based on Miner's linear fatigue cumulative damage theory. The analysis shows that the fatigue failure of the wheel skeleton is mainly focused on the connection between the elastic ring combination card and the hinge group, and for the 12 sets of wheels with hinged structure, The minimum fatigue life is 403000. (3) the factors influencing the fatigue life of mechanical elastic wheel are studied. The results show that with the number of hinge groups, the fatigue life of hinge group increases non-linear with the increase of cross-sectional area of hinge group, and decreases with the increase of actual load. Twelve groups of wheels with hinged structure are selected. The design variables are hub thickness and hinge group thickness, and the minimum weight and maximum fatigue life of mechanical elastic wheels are the design objectives. The optimum design was carried out by using sample screening method and multi-objective genetic algorithm respectively. The fatigue life value of mechanical elastic wheels was increased by 48.5% and the weight increased by 4.1% after optimization.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.34

【参考文献】