某乘用车50kph匀速行驶时啸叫成因分析与改进

发布时间：2019-05-24 00:31

【摘要】：汽车变速器作为汽车主要噪声源之一,对其噪声水平的控制,直接影响到整车NVH性能的好坏,因此,在变速器的研制工作中,除了要确保其具有良好的工作性能之外,控制其振动和噪声也成为了研发过程中的重要指标之一。本文针对某乘用车出现的啸叫噪声问题,通过实验测试和理论分析相结合的方法,对该车啸叫噪声形成的原因与可能采取的改进措施进行了分析研究。研究工作对于改进该乘用车设计与提高其乘坐舒适性具有较重要的工程实用价值。某搭载七速双离合变速器乘用车上市后,发现当汽车以车速50km/h匀速行驶时,车内听到有明显的啸叫噪声问题。针对该工况下出现的啸叫噪声问题,研究并拟定了噪声与振动测试方案,对整车噪声和振动水平进行了测试；然后,采用频谱分析理论对变速器振动测试结果进行分析,对驾驶员右耳噪声采用滤波回放后确认啸叫噪声频率,通过对采集的噪声和振动信号采用阶次跟踪,确认了啸叫异响的振动源；最后,通过对所有可能的传递路径的综合分析,得出了车内啸叫噪声的主要传递路径与驱动半轴弯曲振动的关系。为了改善该工况下的啸叫噪声问题,研究了改善啸叫噪声的方法和理论,结合该车型已经上市的实际情况,制定了从传递路径上对车内啸叫噪声进行优化的方案：采用动力吸振器来吸收驱动半轴的振动能量,从而改善车内啸叫噪声。该方法具有结构简单、安装方便、成本低等优势。经整车测试对比以及主观评价结论,在驱动半轴上装配动力吸振器后,对车内啸叫噪声改善明显。本文从啸叫噪声的产生机理着手,研究总结了一套工程中分析检测变速器啸叫噪声并进行改善的方法,达到了降低某乘用车在50km/h匀速行驶时啸叫噪声的目的。研究工作为改善已成型乘用车啸叫噪声和乘坐舒适性提供了有工程应用价值的方法。
[Abstract]:As one of the main noise sources of automobile, the control of its noise level directly affects the performance of the whole vehicle NVH. Therefore, in the development of transmission, in addition to ensuring its good working performance, Controlling its vibration and noise has become one of the important indexes in the research and development process. In this paper, aiming at the problem of whistling noise in a passenger car, the causes of roaring noise and possible improvement measures are analyzed and studied by means of experimental test and theoretical analysis. The research work has important engineering practical value for improving the design of the passenger car and improving its ride comfort. After a passenger car carrying a seven-speed double clutch transmission went on the market, it was found that when the car was driving at a uniform speed of 50km/h, there was an obvious whistling noise problem in the car. In order to solve the problem of whistling noise under this working condition, the noise and vibration test scheme is studied and worked out, and the noise and vibration level of the whole vehicle are tested. Then, the vibration test results of the transmission are analyzed by using the spectrum analysis theory, and the roaring noise frequency is confirmed after filtering and playback of the driver's right ear noise, and the collected noise and vibration signals are followed by order tracking. The vibration source of roaring abnormal noise is confirmed. Finally, through the comprehensive analysis of all possible transmission paths, the relationship between the main transmission path of whistling noise in the vehicle and the bending vibration of the driving half-shaft is obtained. In order to improve the whistling noise under this working condition, the method and theory of improving roaring noise are studied, and the actual situation of the vehicle has been put on the market. The scheme of optimizing the roaring noise in the vehicle from the transmission path is worked out: the dynamic vibration absorber is used to absorb the vibration energy of the driving half-shaft, so as to improve the whistling noise in the vehicle. This method has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and low cost. Through the test and comparison of the whole vehicle and the subjective evaluation conclusion, the roaring noise in the vehicle is improved obviously after assembling the dynamic vibration absorber on the driving half shaft. Based on the mechanism of whistling noise, this paper studies and summarizes a set of engineering methods to analyze and detect the whistling noise of transmission and improve it, so as to reduce the roaring noise of a passenger car when the 50km/h is running at a uniform speed. The research work provides an engineering application value method for improving the roar noise and ride comfort of formed passenger cars.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.212

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