考虑机组组合和综合效益的电动汽车有序充放电的研究

发布时间：2019-06-10 00:12

【摘要】：能源紧张和环境污染问题的日益突出,驱动着电动汽车技术的快速发展,电动汽车的使用规模将迅速扩大。然而大量电动汽车接入电网的无序充放电行为,将会给负荷曲线带来很大变化,对日常的负荷预测、电力调度等产生不利影响,并且对发电厂机组运行成本和社会综合效益带来很大影响。为了解决这些问题,本文提出了一种兼顾发电厂机组运行成本和社会综合效益的电动汽车有序充放电的方法。本文首先在研究各种类型电动汽车运行特点的基础上,分别建立了电动公交车、电动私家车和电动出租车的充放电负荷模型,通过算例分析了三种类型电动汽车在各时段的充电数量和充电功率。随后在只考虑较为普及的电动私家车接入电网的基础上,建立了考虑机组组合的电动汽车有序充放电的数学模型,并运用遗传算法对模型进行求解。最后在全面考虑三种类型电动汽车接入电网的情况下,兼顾电动汽车有序充放电对减少机组碳排放和负荷曲线的削峰填谷‖两方面的所起到的作用,以机组运行成本最小化和兼顾综合效益最大化为目标函数,把每个时段内参与充放电的各类型电动汽车数量作为可优化调度变量,建立了其数学模型,并且运用遗传粒子群混合算法进行求解,最终得出一套电动汽车有序充放电方案。本文利用VC++结合MATLAB编写程序以实现算法,用算例验证了算法的正确性和有效性。通过算例分析表明,一定数量的电动汽车进行有序充放电时,可以显著减小机组运行成本和碳排放成本,且对负荷曲线也可以起到明显的削峰填谷作用。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution, the rapid development of electric vehicle technology will drive the rapid development of electric vehicle technology, and the use scale of electric vehicle will expand rapidly. However, the disordered charge and discharge behavior of a large number of electric vehicles connected to the power grid will bring great changes to the load curve, and will have a negative impact on daily load forecasting, power dispatching and so on. And it has a great impact on the operation cost and social comprehensive benefit of power plant units. In order to solve these problems, this paper presents a method of orderly charging and discharging of electric vehicles, which takes into account the operating cost of power plant units and the comprehensive social benefit. In this paper, based on the study of the operation characteristics of various types of electric vehicles, the charge and discharge load models of electric buses, electric private cars and electric taxis are established respectively. The charging quantity and power of three types of electric vehicles in each period are analyzed by an example. Then, on the basis of considering only the more popular electric private cars connected to the power grid, the mathematical model of orderly charge and discharge of electric vehicles considering unit combination is established, and the genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. Finally, under the condition that three types of electric vehicles are connected to the power grid, the role of orderly charge and discharge of electric vehicles in reducing the carbon emission of the unit and the peak and valley filling of the load curve is taken into account. In order to minimize the operation cost of the unit and maximize the comprehensive benefit as the objective function, the number of electric vehicles involved in charge and discharge in each period of time is taken as the optimal dispatching variable, and its mathematical model is established. The genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem, and finally a set of orderly charge and discharge scheme for electric vehicle is obtained. In this paper, VC and MATLAB are used to program the algorithm, and an example is given to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithm. The analysis of an example shows that the operation cost and carbon emission cost of the unit can be significantly reduced when a certain number of electric vehicles are charged and discharged in an orderly manner, and the load curve can also play an obvious role in peak cutting and valley filling.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM73;U469.72

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