残损航空器搬移拖车的机液协同仿真与分析

发布时间：2018-01-19 10:37

本文关键词： 残损航空器搬移拖车协同仿真拓扑优化导重准则动态特性　出处：《中国民航大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：残损航空器搬移拖车是大型机场必备的特种车辆,主要用途为飞机发生重大事故后,迅速将飞机搬离事故现场,为恢复机场正常运行提供保障。悬挂系统作为拖车的核心组成部分,它的机液协同性能对整车的承载性能和行驶安全性有至关重要的作用。因此,对拖车的机械系统、液压系统的协同仿真具有十分重要的研究意义。本文以残损航空器搬移拖车的悬挂系统为研究对象,以虚拟样机软件ADAMS为应用平台,结合对悬挂系统的机液协同仿真分析,从提高悬架大臂结构强度和轻量化的角度,对悬臂进行拓扑优化的研究,并对优化后的结构进行整车协同仿真,分析悬臂优化前后拖车动态特性的变化。主要研究工作如下:首先将搬移拖车悬挂系统的三维模型导进ADAMS软件中,然后在液压仿真软件AMESim中建立了悬挂系统的液压原理图,通过创建软件间的接口模块,将模型的机械系统和液压系统联合起来,最终建立悬挂系统机液协同仿真模型,获得了悬臂的动力学参数,为接下来结构优化做准备。然后提出一种新的分式幂函数插值模型,结合导重准则法进行拓扑优化的研究,其优化结果要优于工程中常用的SIMP和RAMP两种插值模型,后者的优化结果都过度依赖于惩罚因子而致使结果不清晰。在研究密度插值理论的基础上,推导了位移约束下,以结构质量最小为优化目标的准则公式,并将该方法运用到悬臂的拓扑优化中,同时对比优化软件Optistruct获得的悬臂拓扑形貌,得知本文采用的算法优化效果更好。最后通过模态分析对比悬臂优化前后的固有频率,结果显示其抗振性能有较大提升。将优化后的悬臂进行机液协同仿真,最终获得了搬移拖车的振动曲线,对比悬臂优化前拖车振动特性的变化,表明拖车优化后的振动平稳性有所提高。
[Abstract]:The damaged aircraft moving trailer is the necessary special vehicle in large airport. The main purpose is to remove the aircraft from the scene of the accident quickly after the serious accident of the aircraft. In order to restore the normal operation of the airport to provide protection. Suspension system as the core part of the trailer, its mechanical and hydraulic coordination performance is very important to the load bearing performance and driving safety of the whole vehicle. It is very important to study the mechanical system of trailer and the collaborative simulation of hydraulic system. In this paper, the suspension system of damaged aircraft moving trailer is taken as the research object. Taking the virtual prototype software ADAMS as the application platform, combined with the simulation analysis of the suspension system, the topology optimization of the cantilever is studied from the angle of improving the structure strength and lightening of the suspension arm. And the optimized structure of the vehicle collaborative simulation. The main research work is as follows: firstly, the three-dimensional model of trailer suspension system is introduced into ADAMS software. Then the hydraulic principle diagram of the suspension system is established in the hydraulic simulation software AMESim. By creating the interface module between the software, the mechanical system of the model and the hydraulic system are combined. Finally, the simulation model of the suspension system was established, and the dynamic parameters of the cantilever were obtained. Then a new fractional power function interpolation model was proposed. The optimization results are better than that of SIMP and RAMP interpolation models, which are commonly used in engineering. The optimization results of the latter are too dependent on the penalty factor, which results in unclear results. Based on the density interpolation theory, the criterion formula of the minimum structure mass is derived under displacement constraints. The method is applied to the topology optimization of the cantilever, and the topology of the cantilever obtained by the optimization software Optistruct is compared. Finally, the natural frequencies of the cantilever before and after optimization are compared by modal analysis. The results show that the anti-vibration performance of the optimized cantilever can be greatly improved. Finally, the vibration curve of the moving trailer is obtained. Compared with the change of the vibration characteristics of the trailer before the cantilever optimization, it shows that the vibration stability of the trailer after the optimization is improved.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V351.35;TP391.9

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