基于GIS的建筑物地震风险损失评估方法研究及应用

发布时间：2018-02-08 18:58

本文关键词： 建筑物地震风险震害损失 ArcGIS Engine 地理信息系统　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：基于GIS的地震应急分类响应系统可以快速地预测和评估地震时建筑物、人员及财产的损失,为城市防震减灾工作、震后救援工作提供及时决策参考。本研究依托《毕节市地震应急分类响应系统关键技术研究与开发》项目,以建筑物地震灾害损失评估方法及相关的GIS分析计算功能模块的开发和应用为研究内容,研究工作如下:(1)对国内外建筑物地震风险损失方法、地震危险性分析方法、GIS二次开发技术的国内外现状进行了综述。(2)在此基础上,结合项目研究和开发需求,选取基于建筑物震害矩阵的建筑物地震灾害风险损失评估解决方案,将建筑物的震害划分为基本完好、轻微损伤、中等损伤、严重损伤和毁坏5个等级,采用马鞍山震害矩阵对研究区域不同类型的建筑物进行计算,借助研究区域已有的地震动参数衰减模型,即可求得研究区域内不同建筑物在不同地震烈度下的结构损害情况及损失。(3)采用C#环境和ArcGIS Engine二次开发技术,在地震应急分类响应系统中实现了地震动响应场、地震易损性等计算功能。其中,地震动响应场计算模块可以基于历史震源数据或指定震源和震级,进行峰值加速度和地震烈度的计算和可视化模拟;地震易损性计算模块中采用马鞍山模型,可以根据研究区域的建筑物类别及抗震等级,计算不同类别的建筑物的破坏和损失。本文的研究表明,把GIS技术应用在地震灾害的损失评估中能快速、直观地评定灾情,为地震灾害救援和重建等工作提供可靠而有力的信息支持。
[Abstract]:The earthquake emergency classification and response system based on GIS can quickly predict and evaluate the loss of buildings, personnel and property during earthquake. The research relies on the key technology research and development of Bijie earthquake emergency classification and response system. Based on the development and application of the building earthquake disaster loss assessment method and the related function module of GIS analysis and calculation, the research works are as follows: 1) the methods of building earthquake risk loss both at home and abroad. This paper summarizes the present situation of secondary development technology of GIS at home and abroad. On the basis of this, combined with project research and development demand, the paper selects the solution of building earthquake disaster risk loss evaluation based on building damage matrix. The earthquake damage of the building is divided into five grades: basic intact, slight damage, moderate damage, severe damage and destruction. The different types of buildings in the study area are calculated by using the Ma'anshan earthquake damage matrix. With reference to the existing attenuation model of ground motion parameters in the study area, the structural damage and loss of different buildings in the study area under different earthquake intensity can be obtained by using C # environment and ArcGIS Engine secondary development technology. In the system of earthquake emergency classification and response, the functions of ground motion response field, earthquake vulnerability and so on are realized. Among them, the calculation module of ground motion response field can be based on historical source data or specify source and magnitude. The peak acceleration and seismic intensity are calculated and visualized, and the Ma'anshan model is used in the seismic vulnerability calculation module, which can be based on the class of buildings and the seismic grade in the study area. The damage and loss of different kinds of buildings are calculated. The research in this paper shows that the application of GIS technology in the damage assessment of earthquake disaster can evaluate the disaster situation quickly and intuitively. To provide reliable and powerful information support for earthquake disaster relief and reconstruction.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P315.9;P208

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