基于RFID系统的防碰撞算法研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 19:42

本文关键词： RFID ALOHA 二进制树 GBS算法 CRB算法　出处：《南京理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：Radio Frequency Identification(简称RFID),它是随着无线电技术和大规模集成电路的普及应用而出现的一种高速、实时、准确的信息采集与处理技术,被世界公认为21世纪十大重要技术之一。该项技术实质上是一项利用无线射频信号通过空间耦合实现非接触双向数据传递,并通过所传递的数据来获取相关信息,从而达到自动识别目标对象的目的的技术。它与其他各项自动识别技术相比,具有识别距离远、识别速度快、精度高、使用寿命长、不受方向位置因素的影响等多项优势。 RFID系统由电子标签、阅读器以及计算机通信网络组成。天线存在于电子标签和阅读器当中,用来完成数据以及能量的传输,标签内部存储有待识别物体的相关信息,如果标签处于一个阅读器的读取范围之内,将会对其进行应答；阅读器读取其中的数据,并把得到的数据交给通信网络处理。RFID系统中有两种类型的通信碰撞存在,一种是阅读器碰撞,另一种是电子标签碰撞。由于阅读器碰撞容易解决,因此本文重点研究电子标签碰撞。射频识别系统中有许多种防碰撞技术,综合考虑系统的通信形式、功耗、系统复杂性和成本等因素,时分多址法TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)是目前较为普遍的解决方法。基于TDMA思想的标签防碰撞算法主要有两大类：一类是ALOHA系列算法,一类是二进制树系列算法。本文分别详细分析了这两大类算法的算法思路、算法性能和算法的优缺点。在此基础上,提出了两种新的标签防碰撞算法：GBS(Group Based on SN)算法和CRB(Changeable Random Bit)算法,并对两种新算法的性能都做了详细地分析。分析结果表明第一种算法虽然结合了两大类传统算法的优点,但是只适用于特定情况,而第二种算法则适用于普遍情况,而且系统效率可以一直稳定在一个较高的水平上,新算法的提出具有一定的理论价值。
[Abstract]:Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a high-speed, real-time and accurate information acquisition and processing technology, which appears with the popularity of radio technology and large-scale integrated circuit (LSI). In 21th century, it is recognized as one of the ten most important technologies in the world. This technology is essentially a non-contact two-way data transfer using wireless radio frequency signal through spatial coupling, and through the transmitted data to obtain relevant information. Compared with other automatic recognition techniques, it has many advantages, such as long recognition distance, fast recognition speed, high precision, long service life, and not affected by directional position factors. The RFID system is composed of electronic tags, readers and computer communication networks. The antenna exists in the electronic tags and readers to complete the transmission of data and energy, and the tags store the relevant information about the objects to be identified. If the tag is within the read range of a reader, it will be answered; the reader reads the data therein and hands the resulting data to the communication network processing. RFID system. There are two types of communication collisions. One is reader collision, the other is electronic tag collision. There are many kinds of anti-collision technologies in RFID system, which consider the form of communication, power consumption, complexity and cost of the system, etc. Time division multiple access (TDMA) is a popular method to solve this problem. There are two kinds of anti-collision algorithms based on TDMA: one is ALOHA series algorithm, the other is ALOHA algorithm. One is binary tree series algorithm. This paper analyzes the algorithm idea, algorithm performance and algorithm advantage and disadvantage of these two kinds of algorithms in detail. In this paper, two new tag anti-collision algorithms, the Based on SNN algorithm and the CRB(Changeable Random Bit-based algorithm, are proposed, and the performance of the two new algorithms is analyzed in detail. The results show that the first algorithm combines the advantages of the two kinds of traditional algorithms. However, the new algorithm can only be applied to specific cases, while the second algorithm is suitable for general cases, and the system efficiency can be stabilized at a higher level all the time. The proposed new algorithm has certain theoretical value.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP391.44

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