小型文物快速光度立体重建系统

发布时间：2018-03-01 12:13

本文关键词： 光度立体阴影恢复形状三维重建光照反射模型　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：文物作为文化变迁和文明发展的见证和记录,包含着重要的文化历史价值,对于文化传承和历史考证具有重大的意义。同时,由于文物本身在经受自然因素、人为因素的不断损耗,因此加强文物保护、减少文物在展出过程中的损耗刻不容缓。文物数字化技术的提出,既能够将文物以数字化模型永远保存下来,又能够以数字化的形式来广泛展出,使得更多的人能够接触到文物本身所代表的文化,对于文化传播和文物保护都具有深远的意义。光度立体技术,能够在不接触物体的情况下得到物体本身的三维信息,可以在不对文物造成接触的情况下得到文物的三维模型和表面光照反射信息,得到的三维模型具有精度高,纹理细节保存完整等优点。同时,传统的光度立体技术存在适用材质范围较小,对于采集条件要求较为苛刻等缺点,只能够在理想的实验环境下得到较好的结果,不能够广泛应用于文物数字化的工程实际中。针对工程应用中存在的问题,本文提出了一种基于未知光照情况,各向同性反射模型的快速光度立体技术,用于采集小型文物的三维信息,重建得到完整精密模型的三维重建系统。本文主要的工作有:针对传统光度立体方法光照条件已知的约束,提出了基于未知光照条件的光度立体方法,解决了工程应用中光照条件测量难以实现的问题;针对理想模型适用的材质范围有限,复杂参数模型需要大量的测量和先验知识的不足,提出了利用多种材质共同的光照反射性质,使用通用各向同性光照反射模型的光度立体方法,能够应对现实中存在的广泛的材质。将上述技术应用于小型文物数字化工作,实现了能够快速自动采集图像,计算三维点云,重建小型文物高保真的光度立体系统。
[Abstract]:Cultural relics, as witnesses and records of cultural change and civilization development, contain important cultural and historical values, which are of great significance for cultural heritage and historical textual research. At the same time, because the cultural relics themselves are undergoing natural factors, Because of the constant wear and tear of human factors, it is imperative to strengthen the protection of cultural relics and reduce the loss of cultural relics in the course of exhibition. With the development of the digitized technology of cultural relics, the cultural relics can be preserved as a digital model forever. It can also be widely displayed in the form of digitization, so that more people can have access to the culture represented by the cultural relics themselves, which is of far-reaching significance for cultural transmission and the preservation of cultural relics. The three-dimensional information of the object itself can be obtained without touching the object, and the three-dimensional model of the cultural relic and the reflection information of the surface illumination can be obtained without contact with the cultural relic. The obtained three-dimensional model has high accuracy. At the same time, the traditional photometric stereoscopic technology has some disadvantages, such as small applicable material range and demanding acquisition conditions, so it can only get better results in ideal experimental environment. It can not be widely used in the engineering practice of digitization of cultural relics. In view of the problems existing in the engineering application, this paper presents a fast photometric stereoscopic technique based on the isotropic reflection model of unknown illumination. It is used to collect 3D information of small cultural relics and reconstruct the 3D reconstruction system with complete and precise model. The main work of this paper is: aiming at the constraints of known illumination conditions of traditional photometric stereoscopic methods, The photometric stereoscopic method based on unknown illumination condition is proposed, which solves the problem that the measurement of illumination condition is difficult to realize in engineering application, and the material range of ideal model is limited. The complex parameter model needs a great deal of measurement and prior knowledge. This paper puts forward a photometric stereoscopic method using the common illumination reflection property of many materials and the general isotropic light reflection model. By applying the above technology to the digitization of small cultural relics, the photometric stereoscopic system, which can quickly and automatically collect images, calculate 3D point clouds and reconstruct high-fidelity miniature cultural relics, can be applied to deal with the wide range of materials in reality.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K87;TP391.41

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