自适应测试思想在个性化练习中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 15:27

本文关键词： 个性化练习自适应测试应用研究反馈　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010-2020)》中指出"要减轻中小学生课业负担,过重的课业负担严重损害青少年身心健康",但为了追求成绩与升学率,"题海战术"在教学过程中仍然比较常见,中小学的作业情况存在量大、重复做和"一刀切"等实际问题,根据学生个体的水平做针对性的练习是解决以上问题的有效策略。可以说,为满足减轻学生负担的需求,在个性化学习的指导思想下,在教育信息化的发展浪潮下,个性化练习应运而生。让学生做最少的题,最有效地帮助学生提高,这是个性化练习追求的目标。如何向学生推荐练习题才能达到这样的目标,是个性化练习的核心所在,也是个性化练习需要解决的关键问题。Lord在1970年提出,当某道题对学生来说既不是太难又不是太容易时,这道题对于该生来说就是好题,这就是自适应测试的核心思想,笔者认为这一思想在个性化练习中同样适用。本文在分析自适应测试思想应用于个性化练习的可行性的基础上,从个性化练习的需求出发,对CAT和MST进行比较并确定将CAT的选题策略和MST的题组形式相结合作为个性化练习的选题机制,并增加对学习效果有强大影响力的反馈因素,以期帮助学生更好地消化个性化练习选择的题目。于是,形成了本文提出的应用自适应测试思想的个性化练习。阐述应用自适应测试思想的个性化练习的组成要素、操作步骤及特点后,投入准实验研究,采用不相等实验组对照组前测后测设计,选取上海市某中学同一教师教的两个原始班级开展实验,以某中学数学学科初二年级"二次根式"章节为例进行效果检验,结果表明,应用自适应测试思想的个性化练习可以有效提高学生的能力水平和成绩。
[Abstract]:The outline of the National medium- and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Program 2010-2020 points out that "it is necessary to lighten the burden of schoolwork for primary and secondary school students." The heavy burden of school work seriously harms the physical and mental health of young people. "but in order to pursue the achievement and promotion rate, the" inscription strategy "is still quite common in the teaching process. There are many practical problems in the homework situation in primary and secondary schools, such as large quantities of homework, repeated work and" one-size-fits-all ", etc. It can be said that in order to meet the needs of lightening the burden of students, under the guiding ideology of individualized learning, under the tide of the development of educational information, it is an effective strategy to solve the above problems according to the students' individual level. Individuation exercises emerge as the times require. Let students do the least number of questions, most effectively help students improve, this is the goal pursued by individualized exercises. How to recommend exercises to students to achieve such goals is the core of individualized exercises. In 1970, Lord suggested that when a problem is neither too difficult nor too easy for a student, it is a good one for the student, and this is the core idea of adaptive testing. The author thinks that this idea is also applicable in the individuation exercise. Based on the analysis of the feasibility of applying the adaptive test thought to the individualized exercise, this paper starts from the demand of the individualized exercise. This paper compares CAT with MST and determines the combination of CAT's topic selection strategy and MST's question group form as the topic selection mechanism of individualized exercises, and increases the feedback factors which have a strong influence on the learning effect. In order to help students digest the topic of individualized exercise selection better, the individualized exercise of applying adaptive test thought proposed in this paper is formed, and the constituent elements of individualized exercise of applying adaptive test thought are expounded. After the operation step and characteristic, put into the quasi experiment research, adopt the pre-test and post-test design of the unequal experimental group control group, select two original classes taught by the same teacher in a middle school in Shanghai to carry out the experiment. Taking the "second root" chapter of a middle school mathematics subject as an example, the result shows that the individualized exercise with adaptive test idea can effectively improve the students' ability and achievement.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G434;G633.6

【参考文献】