形貌视觉测量中立体拼接靶标的设计及应用

发布时间：2018-03-07 14:25

本文选题：立体拼接靶标　切入点：形貌视觉测量　出处：《仪器仪表学报》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：设计了一种正六棱柱形状的立体拼接靶标,以靶标侧面6个棋盘格的角点作为全局控制点。基于近景摄影测量技术,建立立体靶标的6个单元模型,通过计算模型内摄站间的相对位姿,推导出棋盘格角点在所属单元模型的局部坐标。以公共棋盘格为中介,确立相邻单元模型的坐标系转换关系。建立靶标的全局坐标系于1号棋盘格,推导该棋盘格平面与其像平面间的单应性矩阵,从而确立全局坐标系和1号棋盘格所处单元模型的坐标系的转换关系。依次递推实现全局坐标系和每个单元模型坐标系的转换,进而计算出全部靶标角点的全局坐标,再经光束平差算法获取精确值。以玻璃表面棋盘格的角点间距作为评价指标,拼接精度优于0.15 mm/m。基于立体拼接靶标的拼接试验表明,实体模型表面4个子区域的局部点云可被精确地拼接成整体点云。与基于全局控制点和平面靶标的拼接方法相比,本方法亦具有更高的拼接精度。
[Abstract]:A stereo splicing target with the shape of six prism is designed. The corner points of six chessboard lattices on the side of the target are used as the global control points. Based on the close-range photogrammetry technology, six unit models of the stereoscopic target are established. By calculating the relative positions of the camera stations in the model, the local coordinates of the corner points of the chessboard grid in the cell model are derived. The common chessboard lattice is used as the intermediary. The coordinate transformation relation of the adjacent element model is established. The global coordinate system of the target is established in the No. 1 chessboard lattice, and the homotropic matrix between the chessboard plane and its image plane is derived. Thus, the transformation relationship between the global coordinate system and the coordinate system of the unit model of the No. 1 chessboard lattice is established. The global coordinate system and each unit model coordinate system are transformed in turn, and the global coordinates of all the target corner points are calculated. Then the accurate value is obtained by the beam adjustment algorithm. With the corner spacing of the chessboard lattice on the glass surface as the evaluation index, the stitching accuracy is better than 0.15 mm / m. The experiment results based on the stereo splicing target show that, The local point clouds of the four subregions on the surface of the solid model can be precisely stitched into a global point cloud. Compared with the global control points and the planar target stitching method, this method also has a higher stitching accuracy.
【作者单位】：上海大学机电工程与自动化学院;山东理工大学机械工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41376169,61673252,51205243)项目资助
【分类号】：TP391.41

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