嵌入式大麦图像采集与传输系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-08 19:07

本文选题：大麦　切入点：嵌入式系统　出处：《甘肃农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大麦是一种重要的农作物,是生产啤酒的必备原料之一。在大麦生长过程中,病虫害防治等田间管理的时效性,直接影响着大麦的产量和质量。近年来,随着信息科学与监测技术的快速发展,视频监控系统也在不断改进设计和创新完善。视频监控系统已从早期的模拟式迈入了数字式监控时代,由于计算机网络技术的快速发展,具有成本低、体积小、可靠性高、可扩展、可裁剪、灵活性高等特点的嵌入式视频监控网络系统正在逐步成为数字监控主流系统,具有广阔的发展前景。本文提出了一种采用嵌入式与图像传感器等集成技术的大麦田间图像信息采集和无线传输系统的设计。本系统采用模块化设计方法,主要设计了视频采集模块、无线传输模块和网络监控终端模块等,实现了大麦田间图像信息的采集和无线传输。本文主要完成以下几方面的分析研究与设计开发内容:(1)系统总体方案设计在分析系统需求和比较经济技术性能的基础上,确定了嵌入式处理器、ZigBee网络节点部件、图像传感器、无线网桥规格、Linux操作系统等的选择,完成了系统总体技术方案设计。(2)系统硬件选型设计本系统的硬件系统设计中,以适应大麦田间状况的高效图像采集和可靠视频传输为目标,参考项目前期已有研究并结合新技术,选择确定了S3C6410处理器、CMOS图像传感器OV9650、无线网卡88w8686和太阳能光伏供电系统等硬件设备,设计搭建了系统硬件平台。(3)嵌入式系统软件设计本系统选用C语言进行嵌入式系统软件设计。主要完成了微控制器的Linux操作系统编译环境的搭建,包括交叉编译器的安装和虚拟机的选择,实现了虚拟机与主机之间文件共享、Bootloader的移植、Linux内核的移植和根文件系统的移植等软件集成工程。(4)视频采集与处理软件设计本系统采用Video4Linux设计实现了视频图像的采集、基于H.264标准的视频编码、基于FFmpeg的H.264解码优化,同时也实现了基于RTP/RTCP协议的视频传输。(5)系统性能实验本系统进行了多轮数据采集和传输测试实验,结果表明其性能满足设计要求,数据压缩率在93%-98%之间,传输误码率在2%以内。因此本大麦田间图像信息采集和传输系统的设计与实现对于类似农业生产监测系统研发具有一定的借鉴作用和参考意义。
[Abstract]:Barley is an important crop and one of the essential ingredients for beer production.In the process of barley growth, the timeliness of field management, such as pest and disease control, directly affects the yield and quality of barley.In recent years, with the rapid development of information science and monitoring technology, video surveillance system is constantly improving design and innovation.Video surveillance system has entered the digital monitoring era from the early analog, because of the rapid development of computer network technology, it has the advantages of low cost, small volume, high reliability, expandability and tailoring.The embedded video surveillance network system with high flexibility is gradually becoming the mainstream digital surveillance system and has a broad development prospect.This paper presents a design of barley field image information acquisition and wireless transmission system based on embedded and image sensor technology.This system adopts the modular design method, mainly designs the video collection module, the wireless transmission module and the network monitoring terminal module, realizes the barley field image information collection and the wireless transmission.This paper mainly completes the following aspects of analysis, research, design and development contents: 1) the overall design of the system. On the basis of analyzing the system requirements and comparing the economic and technical performance, the embedded processor ZigBee network node component, image sensor, is determined.Selection of Linux operating system for Wireless Bridge specifications, the hardware selection design of the system is completed. The hardware selection design of this system is aimed at high efficiency image collection and reliable video transmission to meet the field conditions of barley.Referring to the previous research of the project and combining with the new technology, the hardware devices such as S3C6410 processor CMOS image sensor OV9650, wireless network card 88w8686 and solar photovoltaic power supply system are selected.Design and build the hardware platform of the system. 3) the embedded system software design this system chooses C language to carry on the embedded system software design.The compiling environment of Linux operating system of microcontroller is built, including the installation of cross-compiler and the choice of virtual machine.This paper realizes the software design of file sharing bootloader between virtual machine and host, such as transplanting Linux kernel and transplanting root file system, etc. The software of video acquisition and processing is designed. This system uses Video4Linux to realize video image acquisition.Video coding based on H.264 standard, H.264 decoding optimization based on FFmpeg, video transmission based on RTP/RTCP protocol.The results show that the performance meets the design requirements, the data compression ratio is between 93-98% and the transmission error rate is less than 2%.Therefore, the design and implementation of the field image information acquisition and transmission system for barley has some reference value for the research and development of similar agricultural production monitoring system.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S512.3;TP391.41

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