STEAM视角下的小学《科学》教学设计研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 15:34

本文选题：STEAM教育 + 科学课程　；参考：《曲阜师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：STEAM教育理念最早起源于美国,美国政府是为了加强K12关于科学、技术、工程、艺术以及数学的教育,而提出了STEAM教育。STEAM教育不仅提倡学习这五门学科知识,更提倡综合运用这五门学科之间的关系,让学生在自己动手的过程中解决他们感兴趣和他们现实生活相关的问题,并在此过程中学习应用各种学科以及跨学科的知识,提高创新能力和问题解决能力。随着小学科学教育的发展,其课程基本理念异化及学科孤立化等问题也随之显现,因此将STEAM教育理念融入到小学《科学》的课程教学设计中,不仅对传统的教学进行了突破与完善,也为解决小学《科学》教学中的问题起到了促进作用,更对目前新理念与教学设计的融合进行了应用与创新。基于此,本文通过文献研究、观察、问卷调查等研究方法,先将STEAM教育理念之间的核心要素关系展开了研究,并在此基础上针对小学《科学》内容,设计了基于小学《科学》的STEAM整合框架,进而结合ADDIE模型构建了基于STEAM的小学《科学》教学设计整合模式,为将STEAM教育理念融入我国科学教育、改善科学教学设计提供了一个参考视角。论文主要分为以下几个部分:第一部分:阐明论文的研究背景、意义及国内外研究现状,提出论文的研究内容和研究方法,并对论文中的相关概念进行了界定。第二部分:梳理我国小学《科学》课程的教学现状及理论基础,明确我国小学《科学》课程标准。并分析目前相关学者对STEAM的核心观点解释,即目前比较认可的金字塔结构框架。第三部分:基于STEAM教育理念的小学《科学》教学设计模式构建。具体包括:一、剖析STEAM教育相关学科即科学、技术、工程、艺术及数学之间的关系,并在此关系的基础上进一步分析其融入小学《科学》课程中的更深层联系;二、根据前面的分析,综合构建基于STEAM的小学《科学》教学设计整合模式。第四部分:STEAM视角下的小学《科学》教学案例设计。本部分由两个内容构成。一、对进行实践的小学《科学》课程进行内容的选取和教学对象的分析;二、根据选取的现有小学《科学》中《充气玩具里的科学》及其拓展延伸课《制作光盘气垫船》两节课,分别从教学目标、教学内容、教学准备、教学过程等方面对案例进行设计和分析,充分展现融合STEAM的小学《科学》教学案例设计的特点。第五部分:基于前述分析,该部分主要是对基于STEAM的小学《科学》课程的实践及效果评价。具体包括:以《制作光盘气垫船》这一节课为例,详尽介绍其STEAM融入小学《科学》的教学过程。并根据调查问卷结果及学生作品展示成果分析其教学实践效果。第六部分:总结与展望。对前面几部分进行总结,指出研究的不足及创新之处,并对研究提出展望。
[Abstract]:The idea of STEAM education originated in the United States. The American government proposed that the STEAM education should not only promote the study of these five subjects, but also strengthen the K12 education on science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics. They also advocate the comprehensive use of the relationship between the five disciplines, so that students can solve problems of interest to them and their real life in the process of doing their own work, and in the process, they will learn to apply various disciplines as well as interdisciplinary knowledge. Improve the ability of innovation and problem solving. With the development of science education in primary school, the dissimilation of the basic idea of curriculum and the isolation of the subject also appear. Therefore, the idea of STEAM education is integrated into the curriculum design of science in primary school. It not only makes a breakthrough and perfection to the traditional teaching, but also promotes the solution of the problems in the teaching of science in primary school. It also applies and innovates the fusion of the new idea and the teaching design at present. Based on this, this paper, through literature research, observation, questionnaire and other research methods, first of all, the relationship between the core elements of the education concept of beam is studied, and on this basis, the content of "Science" in primary school is studied. This paper designs an integrated framework of STEAM based on science in primary school, and then constructs an integrated model of teaching design based on STEAM combined with Addie model, in order to integrate the idea of STEAM into science education in China. Improving the design of science teaching provides a reference angle. The paper is divided into the following parts: the first part: clarify the research background, significance and research status at home and abroad, put forward the research content and research methods, and define the related concepts in the paper. The second part: combing the present situation and theoretical basis of the science curriculum in primary schools in our country, and clarifying the curriculum standards of science in primary schools of our country. This paper also analyzes the explanation of the core view of beam, that is, the pyramid structure framework, which is accepted by relevant scholars at present. The third part: the construction of the teaching design model of primary school based on the idea of STEAM education. The main contents are as follows: first, the relationship between science, technology, engineering, art and mathematics is analyzed, and on the basis of the relationship, the deeper relationship between science and technology is further analyzed. According to the previous analysis, the integrated model of primary school teaching design based on STEAM is constructed. The fourth part is the teaching case design of science in primary school from the perspective of: beam. This part consists of two parts. First, to carry on the practice elementary school "science" curriculum to carry on the content selection and the teaching object analysis; second, According to the two classes of "Science in inflatable Toys" and its extended course, "making a hovercraft on CD-ROM", selected from the existing primary school, "Science in inflatable Toys", from the teaching objectives, teaching contents, and teaching preparation, Teaching process and other aspects of the design and analysis of the case, fully show the integration of STEAM primary school "Science" teaching case design characteristics. The fifth part: based on the above analysis, this part is mainly about the practice and effect evaluation of the science curriculum based on STEAM. It includes: taking the class of "making hovercraft on CD" as an example, introducing the teaching process of STEAM into primary school "Science" in detail. According to the results of questionnaire and students' works, the teaching practice effect is analyzed. The sixth part: summary and prospect. This paper summarizes the former several parts, points out the deficiency and innovation of the research, and puts forward the prospect of the research.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G434;G623.6

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