浮标基长基线定位系统显控软件设计

发布时间：2018-10-19 15:01

【摘要】：论文研究了基于浮标阵元的多目标水下定位系统显控软件的设计,研究其定位原理、定位算法、数据传输以及软件功能的实现。浮标基长基线定位系统显控软件是整个定位系统的解算和控制中心,主要功能是通过接收、挑选、处理多个运动目标发射的脉冲信号,解算出目标运动的轨迹。本文分别从数据处理算法与软件架构两部分来研究显控软件。在数据处理算法部分中,本文首先讨论长基线定位系统常用的球面交汇模型与双曲面交汇模型,通过目标到浮标的信号传播时延、浮标阵位与水下声速来解算目标位置;其次讨论由于水声信道的复杂性导致的接收声脉冲不唯一的现象,并研究专家系统对从“脉冲群”中挑选直达声脉冲及浮标阵元挑选的方法和原则;而后探究当目标距浮标的传播时延大于系统同步周期时出现的“距离模糊”现象,讨论在不同条件下抗距离模糊的算法;最后研究水下有效声速表的建立与根据查表法求取水下有效声速的方法。在软件构架部分中,首先介绍显控软件在Windows平台上基于的Qt类库;其次根据长基线定位系统的工作流程,分析了显控系统应该具备的主要功能,包括对长基线定位系统中的浮标、基站等平台进行功能设置、状态监控、数据传输等,同时具有实时解算和事后解算能力;最后根据显控系统的功能分析完成显控系统的各个功能模块的构建,具有功能详尽、界面友好、操作方便、结果查看直观、各模块可移植性强等特点。本文介绍的长基线定位系统显控软件经过实验室电联调、水池联调、与松花湖湖上试验,验证了系统工作的稳定性,并能够完成与浮标、船载基站平台的指令通信、同时实时解算多目标轨迹(包括发射单频信号与调频信号的目标)、事后数据分析与处理等功能,实现了多目标、高精度的水下目标定位的试验要求。完成情况符合既定设计要求,达到了预期设计目标。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the design of display and control software of multi-target underwater positioning system based on buoy array is studied, and the positioning principle, positioning algorithm, data transmission and the realization of software function are studied. The display and control software of the long baseline positioning system of buoy is the solution and control center of the whole positioning system. The main function of the software is to calculate the trajectory of the target by receiving, selecting and processing the pulse signals transmitted by several moving targets. In this paper, the display control software is studied from two parts: data processing algorithm and software architecture. In the part of data processing algorithm, this paper first discusses the spherical intersection model and hyperboloid intersection model commonly used in the long baseline positioning system. The target position is calculated by the signal propagation delay from the target to the buoy, the position of the buoy array and the underwater sound velocity. Secondly, the phenomenon that the received acoustic pulse is not unique due to the complexity of underwater acoustic channel is discussed, and the method and principle of selecting direct acoustic pulse and buoy array element from "pulse group" by expert system are studied. Then it explores the phenomenon of "distance ambiguity" when the propagation delay of the target distance buoy is longer than the synchronization period of the system, and discusses the anti-range fuzzy algorithm under different conditions. Finally, the establishment of the underwater effective sound velocity meter and the method of calculating the underwater effective sound velocity according to the look-up table method are studied. In the part of software architecture, the Qt class library based on display control software on Windows platform is introduced, and the main functions of display control system are analyzed according to the work flow of long baseline positioning system. Including the long baseline positioning system in the buoy, base station and other platforms for functional setting, state monitoring, data transmission, and so on, at the same time has real-time solution and post-resolution capability; Finally, according to the function analysis of the display and control system, the construction of each function module of the display and control system is completed. It has the characteristics of detailed function, friendly interface, convenient operation, visual view of the result, strong portability of each module and so on. The display and control software of the long baseline positioning system introduced in this paper is tested on Songhua Lake by the combination of laboratory and pool, and the stability of the system is verified, and the command communication with buoy and base station platform can be completed. At the same time, the multi-target trajectory (including the target of transmitting single frequency signal and frequency modulation signal) and the function of data analysis and processing are solved in real time. The experimental requirements of multi-target and high-precision underwater target positioning are realized. The completion is in line with the established design requirements and achieves the expected design objectives.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB56;TP311.52

【参考文献】