双CCD同时偏振成像系统及其偏振信息处理软件系统

发布时间：2018-10-22 08:21

【摘要】：光波的信息非常丰富,可以探测景物光波偏振态的技术称为偏振成像技术,在同一时间内获得景物不同偏振状态的偏振成像技术称为同时偏振成像技术。由于光辐射经过物体表面反射之后,其偏振状态会发生改变,而这种改变与反射面的材料、粗糙程度、几何面型等物理特性密切相关。因此在军事侦查、医疗检测、空间探测、材料验收,气象科学、海洋特性分析等领域得到了广泛的应用。水下目标探测技术是我国海洋经济发展和海疆国防技术发展急需的关键技术,但海浪波纹使水下目标成像发生畸变。为解决机载水下成像的目标畸变问题,本文研究了双CCD同时偏振成像系统(SIP-DSWP,Simultaneous Imaging Polarimetry with Double Separate Wallaston Primes)及其偏振信息提取方法,为实时获取海浪波的偏振信息,提取海洋波的几何面型,解决机载水下探测中水下目标畸变问题奠定基础。本文在介绍偏振成像原理和同时偏振成像系统进展的基础上,重点论述了SIP-DSWP的光机结构设计;提出了适合SIP-DSWP的偏振图像处理方法,包括基于形态学的偏振图像分割算法和基于重采样的高精度相位相关偏振图像配准算法;利用分区的E-P定标法标定了SIP-DSWP系统的仪器矩阵;在Windows环境下基于C++语言编写了SIP-DSWP系统的偏振信息软件处理系统,并利用QT设计了软件处理系统的人机交互界面。结合SIP-DSWP硬件系统的偏振成像实验结果表明:SIP-DSWP硬件系统结构紧凑、分光效果良好、对一般户外环境具有适应性;偏振图像分割算法能对不同距离下采集的偏振图像进行自适应分割,配准图像算法的精度能达到0.1个像素;仪器矩阵定标方法有效地提高了偏振图像信息的探测精度。SIP-DSWP硬件系统和软件系统构成一个整体,实现了从偏振图像的同步采集到偏振信息的提取等一系列功能,使目标偏振信息的提取方便易操作。
[Abstract]:The information of light wave is very rich, the technology that can detect the polarization state of the light wave of scene is called polarization imaging technology, and the polarization imaging technology of obtaining different polarization state of scene in the same time is called simultaneous polarization imaging technology. The polarization state of light radiation changes after it is reflected through the surface of the object, which is closely related to the physical properties of the reflection surface, such as material, roughness, geometry and so on. Therefore, it has been widely used in the fields of military reconnaissance, medical detection, space detection, material acceptance, meteorological science, ocean characteristic analysis and so on. Underwater target detection technology is a key technology in China's marine economic development and maritime defense technology development, but wave ripples make underwater target imaging distorted. In order to solve the problem of target distortion in airborne underwater imaging, a dual CCD simultaneous polarization imaging system (SIP-DSWP,Simultaneous Imaging Polarimetry with Double Separate Wallaston Primes) and its polarization information extraction method are studied in this paper. It lays a foundation for solving the problem of underwater target distortion in airborne underwater detection. On the basis of introducing the principle of polarization imaging and the development of simultaneous polarization imaging system, this paper mainly discusses the optical machine structure design of SIP-DSWP, and puts forward a method of polarization image processing suitable for SIP-DSWP. It includes the polarization image segmentation algorithm based on morphology and the high-precision phase correlation polarization image registration algorithm based on resampling, and calibrates the instrument matrix of SIP-DSWP system by using the partition E-P calibration method. The polarization information software processing system of SIP-DSWP system is programmed based on C language in Windows environment, and the man-machine interface of the software processing system is designed by using QT. The experimental results of polarization imaging of SIP-DSWP hardware system show that the SIP-DSWP hardware system has compact structure, good light splitting effect and adaptability to general outdoor environment. Polarization image segmentation algorithm can self-adaptively segment polarization image collected at different distances, and the precision of registration image algorithm can reach 0.1 pixels. The instrument matrix calibration method effectively improves the detection accuracy of polarization image information. The SIP-DSWP hardware system and software system constitute a whole, which realizes a series of functions, such as synchronous acquisition of polarization image and extraction of polarization information, etc. The extraction of polarization information is convenient and easy to operate.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.41;O436.3

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