基于ARM的方位判定系统研究与设计

发布时间：2018-11-02 11:15

【摘要】：方位判定系统是利用声音信号对目标进行定位,通过相关计算确定目标的位置。现有的声音定位技术存在实时性差,定位精度不高,易受混响影响等不足,为解决这些问题,本文设计了基于ARM的方位判定系统,重点进行了硬件电路设计和软件设计,论文的研究内容和研究成果主要包括以下几个方面:1.通过对方位判定方法的分析和学习,提出方位判定系统的总体设计方案。根据系统对声音信号质量和运算量的要求,选择驻极体传声器及平面传声器阵列结构。对现有的方位判定方法进行对比分析,选择合适的方位判定算法,本系统选用广义互相关时延估计算法。并对系统采用的平面四元传声器阵列进行算法模型描述和目标位置计算公式推导,并对方位判定算法进行改进。根据系统对定位时效、定位精度和处理器运算速度的要求,利用STM32F103RBT6微处理器完成数据处理和计算,并采用LCD1602作为液晶显示器件。2.硬件电路设计方面,本文采用低功耗设计。主要包括处理器外围模块设计、信号处理模块设计、液晶显示模块设计、电源模块设计。3.软件设计方面,本文采用Real View MDK开发工具,并使用STM32标准外设库函数。主要完成系统初始化、主程序设计、液晶显示程序设计和方位判定算法的实现。系统的硬件和软件设计完成后,进行硬件电路板的焊接以及软硬件的调试。在实验条件相对稳定的室内环境中对系统进行实验,并对测量结果进行误差分析。系统多次实验结果表明,基于ARM的方位判定系统可以正常运行、定位误差维持在4%~7%范围内,并且可以满足对不同频率声音信号进行方位判定的要求,实时性好,具有较高的使用价值。
[Abstract]:The azimuth determination system uses sound signal to locate the target and determines the position of the target by correlation calculation. The existing sound positioning technology has some shortcomings such as poor real-time, low positioning precision and easy to be affected by reverberation. In order to solve these problems, a azimuth determination system based on ARM is designed in this paper, with emphasis on hardware circuit design and software design. The research contents and research results mainly include the following aspects: 1. Based on the analysis and study of azimuth determination method, the overall design scheme of azimuth determination system is put forward. According to the requirement of sound signal quality and operation quantity, electret microphone and planar microphone array are selected. The existing azimuth determination methods are compared and analyzed, and the appropriate azimuth determination algorithm is selected. In this system, the generalized cross-correlation time delay estimation algorithm is chosen. The plane quaternion microphone array used in the system is described by the algorithm model and the calculation formula of the target position is deduced, and the azimuth determination algorithm is improved. According to the requirements of the system, the STM32F103RBT6 microprocessor is used to complete the data processing and calculation, and LCD1602 is used as the liquid crystal display device. In the aspect of hardware circuit design, this paper adopts low power design. Mainly includes processor peripheral module design, signal processing module design, LCD module design, power module design. 3. Software design, this paper uses Real View MDK development tools, and the use of STM32 standard peripheral library function. System initialization, main program design, LCD program design and azimuth determination algorithm are implemented. After the hardware and software design of the system is completed, the welding of the hardware circuit board and the debugging of the hardware and software are carried out. The system is tested in a relatively stable indoor environment, and the error of the measurement results is analyzed. The results of many experiments show that the azimuth determination system based on ARM can run normally, the positioning error is within 4%, and it can meet the requirements of azimuth determination for different frequency sound signals, and the real-time performance is good. It has high use value.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN641;TP311.52

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