基于物联网架构的水文气象终端技术研究与应用
发布时间：2018-11-02 17:48
【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,人口、资源、环境3大问题日益严峻,解决这3大问题的主要突破口是海洋,因而开发、利用、保护、管理海洋至关重要。自动观测海洋要素,及时获取海洋信息,是研究海洋的必要手段,是开发利用海洋的关键。因此,研发一个低功耗、高性能的水文气象终端系统对海洋观测具有重大意义。本论文首先研究了《海滨观测规范》的要求以及基本海洋水文气象观测系统,对水文气象终端的整体系统进行了设计。硬件上选择了ARM Cortex-M3核的LPC1788微控制器为主控芯片,扩展了外围接口电路,如电源电路、RS485/RS232接口电路、SDRAM存储电路等。接着进行了嵌入式软件平台的构建,研究了实时操作系μC/OS-II和图形界面系统μC/GUI,进行了μC/OS-II和μC/GUI的移植和底层配置。根据水文气象终端需求进行任务划分和优先级配置,并对各个任务进行编程,主要任务有:串口任务、GUI显示任务、ADC数据采集任务、定时关背光任务、文件系统存储任务等。软硬件设计完成后,对水文气象终端进行了调试和应用。针对具体的应用场合,进行了传感器的选型,实现了数据的采集、本地存储、实时显示以及远程传输功能。接着将SD卡保存的温湿度传感器测得的数据,与同一时间采用标准温湿度计人工观测记录的数据,进行了误差分析,验证了数据的正确性;利用最小二乘法对保存的温度数据进行多项式曲线拟合,预测未来3小时的温度数据。在上位机部分实现了数据接收与处理软件设计和实时监控界面设计,进行远程数据接收与显示。经过长时间的测试证明,基于物联网架构设计的水文气象终端达到了体积小、集成度高、通用性强、功耗低、环境适应性强等要求,且系统运行性能稳定,测量的数据准确性高,适用于各类海洋要素的观测。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the population, resources and environment have become more and more serious. The main breakthrough to solve these three problems is the ocean, so it is very important to develop, utilize, protect and manage the ocean. Automatic observation of ocean elements and timely acquisition of ocean information are the necessary means to study the ocean and the key to the exploitation and utilization of the ocean. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a low power and high performance hydrometeorological terminal system for ocean observation. In this paper, the requirements of Seaside observation Code and the basic marine hydrometeorological observation system are studied, and the whole system of hydrometeorological terminal is designed. In hardware, the LPC1788 microcontroller with ARM Cortex-M3 core is selected as the main control chip, and the peripheral interface circuits, such as power supply circuit, RS485/RS232 interface circuit, SDRAM memory circuit and so on, are extended. Then, the embedded software platform is constructed, the real-time operation system 渭 C/OS-II and the graphical interface system 渭 C / GUI are studied, and the 渭 C/OS-II and 渭 C/GUI are transplanted and configured at the bottom. According to the requirements of hydrometeorological terminal, the tasks are divided and prioritized, and each task is programmed. The main tasks are serial port task, GUI display task, ADC data acquisition task, timing off backlight task, file system storage task and so on. After the hardware and software design is completed, the hydrometeorological terminal is debugged and applied. According to the specific application situation, the sensor selection is carried out, and the functions of data collection, local storage, real-time display and remote transmission are realized. Then, the data obtained by the temperature and humidity sensor stored by SD card and the data recorded by manual observation using standard temperature and humidity meter at the same time are analyzed by error analysis, and the correctness of the data is verified. The saved temperature data were fitted with polynomial curve by least square method to predict the temperature data in the next 3 hours. The software design of data receiving and processing and the design of real-time monitoring interface are realized in the part of upper computer, and the remote data is received and displayed. After a long period of testing, it is proved that the hydrometeorological terminal based on the Internet of things architecture has achieved the requirements of small volume, high integration, strong versatility, low power consumption, strong environmental adaptability, etc., and the performance of the system is stable. The accuracy of the measured data is high, and it is suitable for the observation of all kinds of ocean elements.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5;P339
，
本文编号：2306507
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the population, resources and environment have become more and more serious. The main breakthrough to solve these three problems is the ocean, so it is very important to develop, utilize, protect and manage the ocean. Automatic observation of ocean elements and timely acquisition of ocean information are the necessary means to study the ocean and the key to the exploitation and utilization of the ocean. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a low power and high performance hydrometeorological terminal system for ocean observation. In this paper, the requirements of Seaside observation Code and the basic marine hydrometeorological observation system are studied, and the whole system of hydrometeorological terminal is designed. In hardware, the LPC1788 microcontroller with ARM Cortex-M3 core is selected as the main control chip, and the peripheral interface circuits, such as power supply circuit, RS485/RS232 interface circuit, SDRAM memory circuit and so on, are extended. Then, the embedded software platform is constructed, the real-time operation system 渭 C/OS-II and the graphical interface system 渭 C / GUI are studied, and the 渭 C/OS-II and 渭 C/GUI are transplanted and configured at the bottom. According to the requirements of hydrometeorological terminal, the tasks are divided and prioritized, and each task is programmed. The main tasks are serial port task, GUI display task, ADC data acquisition task, timing off backlight task, file system storage task and so on. After the hardware and software design is completed, the hydrometeorological terminal is debugged and applied. According to the specific application situation, the sensor selection is carried out, and the functions of data collection, local storage, real-time display and remote transmission are realized. Then, the data obtained by the temperature and humidity sensor stored by SD card and the data recorded by manual observation using standard temperature and humidity meter at the same time are analyzed by error analysis, and the correctness of the data is verified. The saved temperature data were fitted with polynomial curve by least square method to predict the temperature data in the next 3 hours. The software design of data receiving and processing and the design of real-time monitoring interface are realized in the part of upper computer, and the remote data is received and displayed. After a long period of testing, it is proved that the hydrometeorological terminal based on the Internet of things architecture has achieved the requirements of small volume, high integration, strong versatility, low power consumption, strong environmental adaptability, etc., and the performance of the system is stable. The accuracy of the measured data is high, and it is suitable for the observation of all kinds of ocean elements.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5;P339
，
本文编号：2306507
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