常用循环摘要的自动生成方法及其应用

发布时间：2018-11-07 18:27

【摘要】：采用形式化方法证明软件的正确性,是保障软件可靠性的有效方法.而对循环语句的分析与验证,是形式化证明中的关键,对循环语句的处理一直是程序分析与验证中的一个难点问题.提出使用循环语句修改的内存和这些内存中存放的新值来描述循环语句的执行效果,并将该执行效果定义为循环摘要.同时,提出一种自动生成循环摘要的方法,可以为操作常用数据结构的循环自动生成循环摘要,包含嵌套循环.此外,基于循环摘要,可以自动生成循环语句的规约,包括循环不变式、循环的前置条件以及循环的后置条件.已经实现了自动生成循环摘要以及循环规约的方法,并将它们集成到验证工具Accumulator中.实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地生成循环摘要,并生成多种类型的规约,从而辅助软件程序的形式化证明,提高验证的自动化程度和效率,减轻验证人员的负担.
[Abstract]:Using formal method to prove the correctness of software is an effective method to guarantee the reliability of software. The analysis and verification of circular statements is the key to formal proof, and the processing of circular statements is always a difficult problem in program analysis and verification. The memory modified by the loop statement and the new values stored in the memory are proposed to describe the execution effect of the loop statement, and the execution effect is defined as a loop summary. At the same time, a method of generating loop summary automatically is proposed, which can generate loop summary automatically for the loop of common data structure, including nested loop. In addition, based on the loop summary, the specification of the loop statement can be generated automatically, including the loop invariant, the precondition of the loop and the post-condition of the loop. The method of automatically generating loop summary and loop specification has been implemented and integrated into the verification tool Accumulator. The experimental results show that this method can effectively generate circular abstracts and generate various kinds of protocols, which can help the formal proof of software programs, improve the automation and efficiency of verification, and reduce the burden on verifiers.
【作者单位】：计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室(南京大学);南京大学软件学院;南京大学计算机科学与技术系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(61632015,61561146394) 国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1000802)~~
【分类号】：TP311

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