面向大型零部件的三维形面高精度测量方法

发布时间：2018-11-07 19:49

【摘要】：目前,辅助激光视觉测量法已广泛应用于大型零部件的三维形面测量。针对该方法在测量过程中普遍存在的轮廓边界信息获取不准确的问题,提出一种面向大型零部件的三维形面测量方法以获得精确的形面信息和轮廓边界信息。首先,根据光条图像序列采集特性,基于时间流的光条自适应定位方法实现了光条所在区域的实时定位;其次,提出了一种基于光条几何特征突变的边界提取方法,获取光条处的被测物边界行(列)坐标位置;然后,利用光条区域内快速提取的光条中心结果,确定准确的边界特征点坐标,并仅保留边界特征点以内的有效光条中心点;最后,对所提取的有效光条中心进行了三维重建,结合光条扫描实现了整个形面的三维快速测量。实验验证结果表明:该方法可实现被测物三维形面信息的高精度快速测量,同时获取精确的轮廓边界信息,其测量精度达到0.06mm,且大大减小运算量,满足大型零部件的快速高精度测量要求。
[Abstract]:At present, aided laser vision measurement has been widely used in three-dimensional surface measurement of large parts. In order to solve the problem of inaccuracy of contour boundary information in the measurement process, a 3D shape surface measurement method for large parts is proposed to obtain accurate profile information and contour boundary information. Firstly, according to the characteristics of optical strip image sequence acquisition, the adaptive location method of optical strip based on time flow is used to realize the real-time location of the region in which the optical strip is located. Secondly, a method of edge extraction based on the geometric feature mutation of optical strip is proposed to obtain the coordinate position of the measured object's boundary line (column) at the light strip. Then, the accurate coordinates of the boundary feature points are determined by using the results of the light strip center extracted quickly in the optical strip region, and only the effective light strip center points within the boundary feature points are retained. Finally, 3D reconstruction of the extracted effective light strip center is carried out, and the 3D rapid measurement of the whole shape surface is realized by combining the optical strip scanning. The experimental results show that this method can achieve high accuracy and fast measurement of the 3D shape surface information of the object under test, and obtain accurate contour boundary information at the same time. The measurement accuracy is 0.06 mm, and the computational complexity is greatly reduced. Meet the requirement of fast and high precision measurement of large parts.
【作者单位】：大连理工大学机械工程学院;
【基金】：973计划项目(2014CB46504) 国家自然科学基金(51375075,51227004);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(51321004) 辽宁省自然科学基金(2014028010)
【分类号】：TP391.41

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