基于RFID的设备管理安全保障系统感知层的设计与实现

发布时间：2019-04-27 16:20

【摘要】：RFID作为物联网的一种关键技术,近年来备受人们关注,关于RFID的产品也不断涌现,为人类的生活带来了极大的便捷。通过RFID设计的监控系统能够在实时性、易用性、无死角等方面为用户带来更好的体验,并且能够应用到条件更加恶劣的场景下,实际上虽然RFID技术取得了许多成功,但关于其关键技术研究的脚步却从未停止。本文基于RFID技术设计了一种无线监控系统,用来保障设备的安全性,防止贵重设备丢失或被盗。文章首先介绍了开发RFID系统所需的软硬件平台及关键技术,软件平台主要是IAREW,硬件平台为自制的电子标签和读写器,关键技术包括I/O、UART、定时器、DMA、Flash等,然后对整个系统进行了功能和可行性分析,通过分析来确定各部分功能所需要使用的关键技术,接着选取CC1110作为核心芯片,对RFID收发双方硬件设备的电路和器件布局进行了设计,最后按照系统的功能,在硬件开发平台中实现了所需的各部分软件功能。本文所设计的系统感知层硬件设备包括有源电子标签、读写器、主控制器,其中电子标签用来发送数据,读写器用来接收电子标签发送的数据,主控制器用来汇总所有读写器上传的数据,为了便于开发和对接,还定义了发送端和接收端的数据帧格式,最后介绍了如何通过C语言实现感知层的所有功能,包括标签注册、丢失恢复、低电量提醒、开关门、进出门等功能,这些功能最后都会被读写器封装成数据帧传输到主控制器,主控制器接收到数据后会解析数据帧,并和应用软件的服务器进行交互,最后由应用软件系统将监控结果展示到界面中,便于管理员查看和管理,这种分层数据处理机制能够大大降低未来系统的维护成本。另外,文章也深入研究了无线通信中实现数据收发的关键技术,以及防碰撞算法,通过对比各种防碰撞算法的优势和劣势,最终采用了 CSMA算法来实现点到多点无线通信,并提出了发送端低功耗和CSMA协议相结合的理论来提高标签的使用时长,测量了实际场景下RSSI在不同距离下的实际值,并使用Matlab拟合出了 RSSI和距离的关系式,利用该关系式开发出了无线定位系统,最后介绍了开发过程中遇到的其他问题以及解决方案。
[Abstract]:As a key technology of Internet of things (IoT), RFID has attracted more and more attention in recent years. The products of RFID are also emerging, which brings great convenience to human life. The monitoring system designed by RFID can bring users a better experience in real-time, easy-to-use, no dead angle, and can be applied to worse conditions. In fact, although RFID technology has achieved a lot of success, But the pace of research on its key technologies has never stopped. In this paper, a wireless monitoring system based on RFID technology is designed to ensure the safety of equipment and prevent the loss or theft of valuable equipment. This paper first introduces the software and hardware platform and key technology needed to develop RFID system. The software platform is mainly IAREW, hardware platform for self-made electronic label and reader. The key technologies include I / O, UART, timer, DMA,Flash and so on. Then the function and feasibility of the whole system are analyzed, and the key technology of each part of the function is determined through the analysis, and then the CC1110 is chosen as the core chip. This paper designs the circuit and device layout of the hardware equipment of RFID receiver and receiver. Finally, according to the function of the system, the software functions of each part are realized in the hardware development platform. The hardware equipment of the system sensing layer designed in this paper includes active electronic tag, reader and main controller, in which the electronic tag is used to send data, and the reader is used to receive the data sent by electronic tag. The master controller is used to aggregate all the data uploaded by the reader. In order to facilitate the development and docking, it also defines the data frame format of the sender and receiver. At last, it introduces how to realize all the functions of the perceptual layer through C language, including tag registration. Functions such as loss recovery, low-power alerts, opening, closing, and going in and out are eventually encapsulated into data frames by the reader and transmitted to the master controller, which parses the data frames when the data is received by the master controller. Finally, the monitoring results are displayed in the interface by the application software system, which is easy for administrators to view and manage. This hierarchical data processing mechanism can greatly reduce the maintenance cost of the future system. In addition, the paper also deeply studies the key technology of data receiving and receiving in wireless communication, and the anti-collision algorithm. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various anti-collision algorithms, the paper finally adopts CSMA algorithm to realize point-to-multi-point wireless communication. The theory of combining low power consumption with CSMA protocol is put forward to improve the usage time of label. The actual value of RSSI in different distance is measured, and the relationship between RSSI and distance is fitted by Matlab. The wireless positioning system is developed by using this relation. Finally, the other problems encountered in the development process and the solutions are introduced.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5

【相似文献】