中国南方干栏及其变迁研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 05:43

本文关键词： 干栏的变迁苗族民居壮族民居侗族民居　出处：《华南理工大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：论文梳理了我国南方地区干栏的兴衰，勾勒我国南方地区干栏经历的变迁过程，并探索其变迁的原因。首先站在宏观的角度，通过干栏式建筑遗址所反映的特征，在一个较长的时间范围内讨论干栏式建筑的变化过程；通过对古代文献记载的梳理，探寻古人对干栏的认识；通过考古发掘的干栏图像与模型，，寻找干栏的传承与延续的轨迹。再深入到巴蜀、桂西和黔东南，通过对历史文献和现存实物的分析比对，研究这三个地区干栏的变迁与原因，探索苗族、侗族、壮族干栏的空间特征以及变化过程，探讨苗族干栏的形成原因。收集整理南方少数民族住宅的古代文献，对比古今干栏概念的异同，论述“干栏”这一概念的变化过程。整理各个时期干栏式建筑遗址，再分析其分布特征、类型特征、技术特征等，探讨干栏式建筑和稻作文化的关系，以长江三角洲干栏式建筑衰退为例，深入探讨史前干栏式建筑衰退的环境因素和社会因素。通过整理考古发现的干栏图像，总结早期干栏式的建筑的样式特征，尝试在一个较长时间的时间范围内讨论干栏式建筑形式的发展，探讨干栏式建筑传承关系。具体到岭南、巴蜀和黔东南三个地区的干栏变迁，岭南地区自汉代开始，干栏式建筑逐渐衰落，部分壮族干栏也受到了汉式建筑的强烈影响，桂西地区的一些干栏还保留了较多本民族干栏的原始特征。巴蜀地区的干栏是由僚人带入的，但随着僚人不断融入当地人，干栏的使用范围在四川地区也在不断的缩小。黔东南的苗族和侗族如今使用类似的干栏建筑，在苗疆封闭的环境条件下，文化上占强势侗族在建筑文化上潜移默化地影响苗族，这也是原本使用地面式民居的苗族转而使用干栏的重要原因。
[Abstract]:The paper combs the rise and fall of the dry hurdles in the south of China, outlines the vicissitude process of the dry hurdles in the south of China, and explores the reasons for the changes. Through the characteristics reflected by the dry-column architectural site, the change process of the dry-column building is discussed in a long time range. Through the combing of the ancient literature records, to explore the ancient understanding of the dry column; Through the archeological excavations of the dry fence images and models to find the heritage and continuation of the track. Then go deep into Bashu, Guanxi and the southeast of Guizhou, through the historical literature and the existing physical objects analysis and comparison. This paper studies the changes and causes of the dry hurdles in these three areas, probes into the spatial characteristics and the changing process of the dry hurdles of the Miao, Dong and Zhuang nationalities, and probes into the reasons for the formation of the dry hurdles of the Miao nationality. Collect and sort out the ancient documents of the south ethnic minority houses, compare the similarities and differences between ancient and modern Gan column concept, discuss the changing process of the concept of "dry column", sort out the Qianzhan architectural sites in each period, and then analyze its distribution characteristics. This paper discusses the relationship between dry fence architecture and rice culture, taking the decline of dry fence architecture in the Yangtze River Delta as an example. The environmental and social factors of the decline of prehistoric dry-hurdle architecture are discussed in depth. The style characteristics of the early dry-hurdle architecture are summarized by sorting out the archeological images of the dry-hurdle buildings. This paper tries to discuss the development of dry column architecture in a long time, and discusses the inheritance relationship of dry column architecture. Specifically to Lingnan, Bashu and Qiandongnan three areas of the Qianlan changes, Lingnan area since the Han Dynasty, the gradual decline of the Gan-hurdle architecture, some Zhuang Gan Lan also by the Han style architecture strong influence. Some of the dry hurdles in western Guangxi also retain the original characteristics of their own ethnic groups. The dry hurdles in Bashu area were brought in by the staff, but they continued to integrate with the local people. The use of dry hurdles in Sichuan is also constantly shrinking. The Miao and Dong ethnic groups in the southeast of Guizhou now use similar dry fence buildings in the closed environment of Miaojiang. The cultural dominance of the Dong nationality in the architectural culture has a subtle influence on the Miao nationality, which is also an important reason why the Miao nationality originally used the ground-style residence to use the Gan Lan.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-092

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