保温建筑材料—秸秆地聚合物的工艺优化及抗酸碱性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 07:29

  本文关键词： 地聚合物 秸秆 保温 工艺优化 抗酸碱性能 微观结构　出处：《浙江工业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对秸秆进行资源化利用,制备秸秆地聚合物保温材料,结合地聚合物自身的稳定性能和秸秆的高隔热保温性能,使秸秆地聚合物成为一种新型的保温建筑材料。秸秆地聚合物的合成不仅提高了秸秆的综合利用率,减轻了对环境的污染,同时开辟了地聚合物的综合利用新途径。而且秸秆地聚合物具备高隔热保温性能、高强度和耐久性优异等特性,是一种多功能的保温建筑材料,可缓解能源危机现状,同时缓解建筑资源能源短缺现象,对节能减排具有重大的现实指导意义,对实现可持续发展和资源合理利用产生深远的影响。本课题对秸秆地聚合物的工艺优化及抗酸碱性能进行了研究。主要研究得出秸秆地聚合物较优的工艺配方,以及考查秸秆地聚合物的保温性能和抗酸碱性能。通过对秸秆地聚合物进行热重-差热(TG-DTA)分析、电镜扫描(SEM)分析、X射线衍射(XRD)分析和傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)分析来研究秸秆地聚合物的微观结构、分析秸秆与地聚合物的结合方式以及分析秸秆地聚合物的微观结构与保温性能、抗酸碱性能的关系。主要结果如下：(1)秸秆地聚合物的配方为：A=3.9,B=0.30,偏高岭土量为166.9g,掺入秸秆长度为1mm,秸秆掺入量为4%,水灰比控制在0.10,制备得到的试块置于20℃,相对湿度70%的恒温恒湿箱中养护7 d。(2)秸秆地聚合物的导热系数随着秸秆掺量的增加而降低,当秸秆掺量超过4%时,秸秆地聚合物的导热系数趋于稳定,均低于0.07W/(m·K),具有良好的保温效果；同时,当秸秆掺量超过4%时,秸秆地聚合物在高温煅烧后的抗压强度值不理想,耐高温性能减弱。因此结合对秸秆地聚合物导热系数和耐高温性能的测定结果,选取得出秸秆的最佳掺量为4%,从而制备得到高保温、高性能的保温建筑材料。由SEM可知,秸秆地聚合物为无定形层状结构,秸秆的掺入提高了地聚合物的保温性能,同时通过TG-DTA曲线分析得出秸秆地聚合物优良的耐高温性能。(3)秸秆地聚合物具有良好的抗酸碱性能。秸秆地聚合物经酸碱浸泡28 d后,仍具有较好的抗压性能。结合XRD、SEM和FT-IR分析可知,掺入秸秆后秸秆地聚合物中没有新相生成,秸秆与地聚合物的结合方式为物理结合。由XRD和FT-IR图谱可知,经酸碱浸泡后秸秆地聚合物的结构与未浸泡的秸秆地聚合物结构基本保持一致,仍具有地聚合物的特性,反映了秸秆地聚合物良好的抗酸碱性能。同时由SEM可知,秸秆地聚合物经酸碱浸泡之后虽然出现了气孔和裂缝,但是紧密的层状结构依然清晰可见,保持了地聚合物的基本结构,因此具有良好的抗酸碱性能。因此,以秸秆为原料制备得到的秸秆地聚合物是一种高保温、高强度以及抗酸碱性能良好的新型保温建筑材料,具有良好的资源化利用前景。
[Abstract]:The straw was used as a resource to prepare the thermal insulation material of the straw ground polymer, which combined with the stability of the polymer itself and the high thermal insulation property of the straw. The synthesis of straw polymer not only improves the comprehensive utilization ratio of straw, but also reduces the pollution to the environment. At the same time, it opens up a new way of comprehensive utilization of geopolymers, and straw polymer has the characteristics of high thermal insulation, high strength and excellent durability, so it is a kind of multi-function thermal insulation building material. It can alleviate the current situation of energy crisis and alleviate the energy shortage of construction resources, which has great practical significance for energy saving and emission reduction. It has a profound impact on the realization of sustainable development and rational utilization of resources. This paper studies the optimization of the technology and acid and alkaline resistance of the straw polymer. The thermal insulation property and acid-base resistance of straw ground polymer were investigated. The thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and SEM scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the stover ground polymer by thermogravimetric differential thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were used to study the microstructure of straw ground polymers. The combination of straw and geopolymer was analyzed, and the microstructure and thermal insulation property of the polymer were analyzed. The main results are as follows: (1) the formula of straw ground polymer is: 1: A3. 9 (BX) 0.30, the amount of metakaolin is 166.9 g, the length of straw is 1 mm, the content of metakaolin is 166.9 g, the content of metakaolin is 166.9 g, and the length of straw is 1 mm. The ratio of water to cement was controlled at 0.10, and the prepared sample was placed at 20 鈩，

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