某型挖掘机动臂的静动态特性分析

发布时间：2018-02-04 21:18

本文关键词： 挖掘机动臂 ANSYS 有限元模态分析谐响应分析　出处：《长沙理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：动臂结构是反铲式液压挖掘机工作装置的重要组成部件，其好坏直接关系到挖掘机的综合性能和使用寿命。随着自主品牌挖掘机的崛起，国内的挖掘机主机厂开始注重产品的设计和研发。特别是随着有限元方法和计算机技术的广泛应用，，利用虚拟仿真平台进行产品设计，能够大大降低产品的设计研发成本和缩短时间周期。本文以国内某大型企业生产的某型挖掘机动臂结构作为研究对象，利用虚拟仿真技术对其进行静动态特性分析，全面评估产品的可靠性，并通过实验验证了仿真过程的合理性。首先，介绍了挖掘机的发展趋势和技术现状，指出了动臂结构的常见失效形式以及传统的动臂分析技术存在的不足，常见的故障表明高应力水平的焊接区域是影响挖掘机使用寿命的重要因素。然后，利用HyperMesh软件对已有的动臂三维模型进行网格划分，并基于大型商业软件ANSYS进行动臂有限元模型的建立。通过对动臂在举升至最高位置、水平位置和降至最低位置的三种典型工况进行刚度、强度仿真分析，表明动臂结构满足静强度设计要求；通过对动臂结构的模态分析及谐响应分析，全面了解结构的动态性能，为后续挖掘机整机动力频率的设计提供指导。最后，设计实验对仿真结果进行验证，结果表明测试数据和仿真数据能够较好的拟合，说明本文所采用的分析思路和方法对于动臂结构的动静态特性研究是有效的。通过对某型挖掘机动臂结构的静动态特性仿真分析，快速了解设计产品的静动态特性，大大降低了对物理样机试验的依赖，缩短了产品的研发周期，为企业快速响应市场进行设计研发提供技术保障。
[Abstract]:Arm structure is an important component of the working device of backhoe hydraulic excavator, which is directly related to the comprehensive performance and service life of excavator. With the rise of independent brand excavator. Domestic excavator mainframe factory began to pay attention to product design and development, especially with the wide application of finite element method and computer technology, using virtual simulation platform for product design. It can greatly reduce the cost of product design and development and shorten the time period. In this paper, the structure of a certain excavator arm produced by a large enterprise in China is taken as the research object. The static and dynamic characteristics of the product are analyzed by virtual simulation technology, and the reliability of the product is evaluated, and the rationality of the simulation process is verified by experiments. Firstly, the development trend and technology status of excavator are introduced, and the common failure forms of arm structure and the shortcomings of traditional arm analysis technology are pointed out. The common faults show that the welding area with high stress level is an important factor affecting the service life of excavator. Then, the existing 3D model of moving arm is meshed with HyperMesh software. The finite element model of the arm is built based on the large-scale commercial software ANSYS. The stiffness of the arm is carried out under the three typical conditions of lifting up to the highest position, horizontal position and lowering to the lowest position. The strength simulation analysis shows that the structure of the arm meets the requirements of static strength design. Through the modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of the arm structure, the dynamic performance of the structure is fully understood, which provides guidance for the design of the dynamic frequency of the subsequent excavator. Finally, the simulation results are verified by the design experiment. The results show that the test data and the simulation data can be fitted well. It is shown that the analytical ideas and methods used in this paper are effective for the study of the dynamic and dynamic characteristics of the arm structure. Through the simulation and analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics of a certain excavator arm structure, the static and dynamic characteristics of the designed product are quickly understood, which greatly reduces the dependence on the physical prototype test and shortens the research and development cycle of the product. For enterprises to quickly respond to the market for design and development to provide technical support.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU621

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