基于生态足迹的北方村镇住宅低碳设计与性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 15:52

本文选题：生态足迹　切入点：村镇住宅　出处：《大连理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着“新农村建设”和“资源节约型社会”的开展和深入,大量村镇进行重新整治和规划的同时,村镇地区的人居环境与住宅能耗问题也日益凸显出来。农民不再满足于传统的居住模式,迫切需要环境优美、功能齐全舒适的新住宅模式。只有准确分析评价村镇住宅对自然环境的压力和影响,才能制定出科学的设计依据与标准,在住宅设计、建造及使用过程中采取有效措施,做到满足居住舒适度的同时,控制或者减少村镇住宅的能源消耗量,实现村镇住宅的可持续发展。本论文是从可持续发展的角度,以生态足迹理论为基础,针对中国北方地区进行村镇住宅低碳设计及相关策略的分析研究。笔者通过对北方多个地区进行实地调研,充分了解了农村住宅存在的诸多问题,以及农村居民对于住宅的具体需求。另一方面,笔者通过查阅相关文献,对生态足迹理论进行梳理总结,建立建筑全生命周期生态足迹计算模型；利用这一理论模型,对已有的农村住宅进行全生命周期的生态足迹和生态承载力测算,并绘制相关数据分析图,定量的分析研究；并与城市多层住宅进行对比,从各个角度找出农村住宅存在的主要问题及产生原因。在分析出村镇住宅中产生原因基础上,提出北方村镇住宅的相关低碳设计策略,分别从规划与环境、被动式策略、节能模块设计、可再生能源利用以及生态建材几个角度进行了论述探索；在此基础上,进行多能互补型村镇低碳住宅试设计,并用Ecotect对设计方案进行住宅舒适性和能耗的检测与评价,最后再次建立生态足迹测算模型,验证住宅的可持续性。本论文着重于利用生态足迹理论指导建筑设计,从全生命周期的角度考虑整合相关策略及生态设计要素,为绿色建筑设计做可持续评价的定量指导。全文分六个章节进行论述：第一章介绍了论文的研究背景及意义、研究对象及内容、和相关国内外研究现状；第二章详细介绍了生态足迹的理论及测算模型；第三章是运用生态足迹理论建立现有农村住宅的生态足迹模型并做定量分析；第四章是研究总结相关的北方村镇住宅低碳设计策略；第五章是北方村镇低碳住宅的试设计并作相关验证；第六章为结语,提出论文的重点和继续研究的必要性。本论文是从可持续性评价出发,探索适合我国现阶段国情的北方村镇住宅低碳设计理论及相关节能策略的应用方法。希望本课题的研究可以为今后北方地区村镇住宅建设在节能设计及可持续研究方面有一定的帮助。
[Abstract]:With the development and deepening of "New Countryside Construction" and "Resource-Saving Society", a large number of villages and towns are renovating and planning at the same time. The problems of residential environment and residential energy consumption in villages and towns are also becoming increasingly prominent. Farmers are no longer satisfied with the traditional living mode and are in urgent need of beautiful environment. Only by accurately analyzing and evaluating the pressure and influence of village residence on natural environment, can scientific design basis and standard be worked out, and effective measures be taken in the course of design, construction and use of housing. At the same time, it can control or reduce the energy consumption of the village residence, and realize the sustainable development of the village residence. From the angle of sustainable development, based on the theory of ecological footprint, this paper analyzes and studies the low carbon design of villages and towns in northern China and related strategies. Fully understand the problems of rural housing, as well as the specific needs of rural residents for housing. On the other hand, by consulting relevant literature, the author combs and summarizes the ecological footprint theory. The ecological footprint calculation model of the whole life cycle of the building is established and the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of the existing rural residence are calculated by using this theoretical model and the relevant data are drawn and analyzed quantitatively. The main problems and causes of rural housing are found out from various angles by comparing with urban multi-storey housing. On the basis of analyzing the causes of village and town residence, the paper puts forward the related low carbon design strategy of village house in the north, including planning and environment, passive strategy, energy saving module design, etc. The renewable energy utilization and ecological building materials are discussed and explored, on the basis of which, the multi-energy complementary low carbon residential design is carried out, and the residential comfort and energy consumption are tested and evaluated by Ecotect. Finally, the ecological footprint model is established to verify the sustainability of housing. This paper focuses on the use of ecological footprint theory to guide architectural design, from the perspective of the whole life cycle to consider the integration of relevant strategies and ecological design elements. Quantitative guidance for sustainable evaluation of green building design. The thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter introduces the research background and significance, the research object and content, and the research status at home and abroad, the second chapter introduces the ecological footprint theory and calculation model in detail. The third chapter is the use of ecological footprint theory to establish the existing rural housing ecological footprint model and do quantitative analysis; The fifth chapter is the trial design of low carbon residential buildings in northern villages and towns, and the sixth chapter is the conclusion, which puts forward the emphases of the paper and the necessity of further research. This paper is based on sustainability evaluation. This paper explores the low carbon design theory and the application methods of energy saving strategies for the rural residential buildings in the north of China at the present stage. It is hoped that the research on this topic can be used in the energy saving design and sustainable research for the future construction of villages and towns houses in the northern region. The investigation aspect has certain help.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU241.4;TU201.5

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