灰色系统理论在高层建筑沉降变形观测中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 17:13

本文选题：变形监测　切入点：变形分析　出处：《昆明理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来我国经济腾飞,各地都在加快城市化的进程,高大建筑物如雨后春笋般不断增加。为了保证建筑物可以正常使用及其安全性,对其建设及使用、维护过程中进行系统的监测是十分必要的。变形监测的目的是对变形体的形变趋势作出预测,依据为观测积累的变形数据,方法是分析并掌握变形体的变形规律和特点。经多年的实践与研究,现在对变形监测数据的处理和分析,已经形成了相对成熟的理论体系,建立了较多的预测预报模型,如回归模型、卡尔曼滤波模型、时间序列模型、人工神经网络模型以及灰色GM模型等。灰色系统理论的研究对象是“不完全确定”系统,在这个系统中的元素“部分信息已知,部分信息未知”,已知部分信息经过特殊的方法处理与挖掘之后,使得整个系统得到确切描述和认识。变形监测的累积观测数据作为变形体的离散序列,本身就具有灰色的性质,因此灰色系统理论可以理想而有效地应用于变形监测的分析预报工作中。本文针对这一应用需求,以灰色系统理论为基础,并对对传统GM(1,1)模型加以改进,将灰色模型应用于某大型桥梁施工监测的分析与预报中,主要的研究工作有： (1)对现有变形分析和预报的主要技术手段进行分析,阐述了灰色系统理论应用在变形监测工作中的优势。以此为基础,对灰色系统理论进行了研究与分析。 (2)从灰色建模与灰色预测的原理入手,分析了传统GM(1,1)模型的缺点与局限性,并在此基础之上,对模型背景值的确定进行了修改,对初始值的确定做了改进。 (3)本文结合某大型桥梁施工监测的实例,以Visual Studio2007为工具,将本文中改进后GM(1,1)模型对某大型桥梁施工监测数据进行模拟与分析,并对改进前后的模型进行对比与分析,其结论验证了改进后GM(1,1)的可靠性与优越性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of economy in our country, the process of urbanization has been quickened.In order to ensure the normal use and safety of buildings, it is necessary to carry out systematic monitoring in the process of construction, use and maintenance.The purpose of deformation monitoring is to predict the trend of deformation of deformable bodies. The method is to analyze and master the deformation laws and characteristics of deformable bodies based on the accumulated deformation data.After many years of practice and research, a relatively mature theoretical system has been formed for the processing and analysis of deformation monitoring data, and more prediction models, such as regression model, Kalman filter model, time series model, have been established.Artificial neural network model and grey GM model.The research object of grey system theory is "incomplete determination" system. The elements in the system are "part information is known, part information is unknown", and the known part information is processed and mined by special methods.So that the whole system is accurately described and understood.As the discrete sequence of deformation monitoring, the accumulated observation data of deformation monitoring have grey properties, so the grey system theory can be applied to the analysis and prediction of deformation monitoring.In this paper, based on the grey system theory and the improvement of the traditional GM-1) model, the grey model is applied to the analysis and forecast of a large bridge construction monitoring. The main research work is as follows:1) the main technical means of deformation analysis and prediction are analyzed, and the advantages of grey system theory in deformation monitoring are expounded.On this basis, the grey system theory is studied and analyzed.2) based on the principle of grey modeling and grey prediction, the shortcomings and limitations of the traditional GM-1) model are analyzed. On the basis of this, the determination of the background value of the model is modified, and the determination of the initial value is improved.3) combining with the example of a large bridge construction monitoring, using Visual Studio2007 as a tool, this paper simulates and analyzes the monitoring data of a large bridge construction with the improved model, and makes a comparison and analysis of the model before and after the improvement.The conclusion verifies the reliability and superiority of the improved GMX 1 / 1).
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU196.2

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