城市规划视角下的中国城市雨水内涝问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 15:35

本文选题：雨水内涝　切入点：雨水控制单元　出处：《华中科技大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：近年来,城市雨水内涝频发,引起了社会各界的密切关注,如何解决城市雨水内涝问题已经成为一个迫在眉睫的研究课题。本文以雨水内涝问题为研究对象,通过雨水内涝原因、雨水控制单元理论、雨水控制指标体系、雨水量化模拟和雨水控制专项规划等内容来展开对雨水问题的深入研究。具体研究内容如下： (1)结合雨水内涝问题,明晰城市雨水内涝的成因整合国内不同城市雨水内涝的资料,总结我国城市雨水内涝呈现出的特点和对交通、经济、人身安全及生态环境方面的影响,归纳和明晰雨水内涝的原因：一是间接原因,主要包括规划设计的滞后、建设施工的漏洞、管理维护的低效和行业法规的缺失等；二是直接原因,主要包括因城市开发引发的可渗透地表面积骤减、排蓄水技术的落后、地形地势的变化降低了排蓄水能力和排水管网扩展对雨水排放速度的影响等。 (2)提出雨水控制单元理论,阐述雨水控制单元理论的概念、模型、内容和应用等以雨水内涝成因引出雨水控制单元理论的研究内容,根据系统论和低影响开发理论对该研究的启示,以量化控制某区域内雨水径流量为目的,结合现行城市规划制度,提出雨水控制单元的概念、模型、雨水控制单元的应用原理、理论内容和应用等。理论内容包括水文环境承载力基础分析、综合径流系数的评估与设定、饱和径流系数的确定方法以及雨水控制指标体系的建立及效益评估与修正等。 (3)提出雨水控制指标体系,分析指标体系构成并阐述该指标与城市控制性详细规划指标的关系根据量化控制雨水控制单元内雨水径流量的需求,提出雨水控制指标体系,包括综合控制指标和分项控制指标。综合控制指标包括暴雨重现期、综合径流系数和场地竖向指标；分项控制指标包括建筑密度、绿地率、铺装渗透率、自然渗透地表率等。分析制定各雨水控制指标的方法和原理,并阐述与控规指标的关系和衔接方法。 (4)结合雨水控制单元理论,模拟论证雨水控制单元指标体系的雨水控制效益应用SWMM软件1对雨水控制单元在不同雨水控制指标下进行雨水径流总量、径流峰值、流速、滞水持续时间等指标进行模拟,通过模拟结果的分析,总结雨水控制单元在不同控制指标情况下的雨水排放数据的变化规律,论证雨水控制指标的实效性,并归纳雨水技术措施控制雨水径流方面的效益。 (5)提出雨水控制专项规划的内容和保障规划实施的措施综合雨水内涝成因、雨水控制单元理论和雨水控制指标体系等内容,以法定专项规划的视角提出雨水控制专项规划的内容,包括规划背景和现状分析、雨水控制单元的划分、雨水内涝风险评估、雨水控制指标的设定、排水管网规划、雨水控制技术措施和雨水资源化利用以及规划实施保障措施等。最后,从雨水管理政策、规划协调和监督机制等方面阐述了保障规划实施的措施。
[Abstract]:In recent years, city rainwater waterlogging frequently, attracted close attention from all sectors of society, how to solve the problem of city rainwater waterlogging has become an imminent research topic. In this paper, the rain waterlogging problem as the research object, through the rain waterlogging, rainwater control unit theory, control index system of rainwater, rainwater and rainwater control planning quantitative simulation etc. to deeply study the problem of rain. The main research contents are as follows:
(1) in combination with the problem of rainwater waterlogging, the causes of urban rainwater waterlogging are clarifying.
The integration of the domestic various city rainwater waterlogging data, summarizes the characteristics of China's city shows rain waterlogging and traffic, economy, affect personal safety and the ecological environment, causes and clear rainwater waterlogging: one is the indirect cause, including planning and design construction lag, vulnerability management and maintenance the inefficiency and lack of industry regulations; two is the direct cause, including the development of the city caused by the permeable surface area is smaller, row storage technology is backward, the terrain changes reduce the row of water storage capacity and water pipe network expansion effect on the drainage speed.
(2) the theory of rainwater control unit is put forward, and the concept, model, content and application of the theory of rainwater control unit are expounded.
The rain waterlogging control unit leads to the research contents of the theory of rain, according to the revelation of the system theory and the theory of low impact development of the study, in order to quantify in a region of stormwater runoff control, combined with the current city planning system, put forward the concept, the rain control unit model, application of the principle of rainwater control unit, theoretical content and the application of theory. Including the analysis of bearing force based hydrological environment, and set up to assess the comprehensive runoff coefficient, saturated runoff coefficient determination and rainwater control index system establishment and benefit evaluation and correction.
(3) the index system of rainwater control is put forward, the index system is made up and the relationship between the index and the detailed planning index of urban control is expounded.
According to the quantitative control of rainwater control unit needs runoff, rainwater control index system is proposed, including comprehensive control index and partial control index. Comprehensive control indexes including rainstorm return period, the comprehensive runoff coefficient and vertical site index; sub control indicators include building density, green rate, pavement permeability, infiltration rate. Surface analysis the method and principle of making rain control index, and expounds the relationship with the regulatory index and convergence method.
(4) combined with the theory of rainwater control unit, the rainfall control benefit of the index system of rainwater control unit is simulated and demonstrated.
Application of SWMM software in 1 of rainwater runoff amount in different rainwater control index of rainwater runoff peak control unit, velocity, duration and other indicators of water simulation, through the analysis of simulation results, summarize the regularity of rainwater control unit under different control index case of rain emissions data, the effectiveness of the demonstration of rainwater control index. And summarize the benefits of rainwater runoff control measures.
(5) put forward the contents of the special plan for rainwater control and the measures to ensure the implementation of the plan.
Comprehensive rainwater waterlogging control unit, rainwater theory and rainwater control indicator system, the legal planning perspective put forward rainwater control special planning content, including the background and current situation of planning, division of rainwater control unit, rainwater waterlogging risk assessment, stormwater control index setting, drainage network planning, rainwater control measures and technology utilization of rainwater resource and planning the implementation of security measures. Finally, from stormwater management policy, planning and coordination and supervision mechanism of the protection planning and implementation measures.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU998.4

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