潍坊世纪花园项目成本控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 00:26

本文选题：项目管理　切入点：成本管理　出处：《中国海洋大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：成本因素在房地产业竞争中的地位越来越重要,工程项目的成本控制已经成为项目施工管理的一项重要内容,建筑企业通过不断挖掘自身潜力、降低成本、提高自身竞争力已经成为一种必然,如何对工程项目进行有效的成本控制是每个建筑企业都必须面对的严肃课题。本文以潍坊世纪花园项目建设项目为例,来探讨成本管理理论在项目中的具体运用问题,提出合理化的建议,对同类建设项目的成本管理起到有益的借鉴作用。本文在梳理房地产项目成本管理相关理论的基础上,结合潍坊世纪花园项目概况对其进行了成本分析,包括项目目前的成本概况,项目动态成本变化情况,建造成本情况。通过分析发现潍坊世纪花园项目成本管理存在工程指令费用对造价的影响过大、无效成本占成本比例过高、合作单位选择不妥造成的成本增加、成本控制制度不健全、人物料管理以及不注重工程索赔等问题,并且进一步分析了该项目在各个阶段成本管理造成问题的原因,并且利用挣值法对项目的基本参数进行了测算,在此基础上提出了成本控制措施及建议,如完善成本控制制度建设、实行奖惩措施、加强施工队伍素质建设、做好劳务分包工作、材料的集中采购和规范化管理、推动图纸会审制度,减少设计中的无效成本、稳健提高全公司范围内的全员成本意识等。在项目实施的整个过程中,只有在合理的成本管理思想和方法的指导下,对整个建设项目的运行周期和成本进行综合考虑、分析,才能使工程合同的总体规划和工程建设计划更加科学、更加合理。本文的主要结论包括(1)通过挣值法分析,截止第90D, CPI1,表示实际成本低于预算成本,实际成本比预算成本节约；SPI1.0,表示实际进度比计划进度慢,没有完成预计的进度计划,如果不采取措施可能导致工程不能按期竣工。三期主体面积75974M2,按10.66元/M2估算,无效成本费用达809883元,在结算分析中,将有效成本与无效成本严格区分开来,降低设计变更及签证所造成的无效成本，是下一阶段努力的方向。(2)要重视规划设计阶段的成本控制,由于成本控制的好坏决定着该工程控制投资估算初步设计工作的好坏，设计概算的正确与否又决定着施工图设计的成败,所以尽可能的降低工程项目的造价意义重大,是成本控制的关键。(3)要重视施工阶段目标造价与实际造价的比较,利用准确严格的工程测量来确定结算工程的费用；以工程预算、工程合同价款为控制目标,合理确定工程进度的结算,严格控制工程的支出；针对施工过程中产生变更的特殊情况,根据工程的变更程度,对项目的价格进行合理改正。
[Abstract]:The cost factor plays an increasingly important role in the real estate industry competition. The cost control of the project project has become an important part of the project construction management.How to effectively control the cost of engineering projects is a serious problem that every construction enterprise must face.Taking Weifang Century Garden Project as an example, this paper discusses the specific application of cost management theory in the project, and puts forward some reasonable suggestions, which will be helpful to the cost management of similar construction projects.On the basis of combing the related theories of real estate project cost management, this paper analyzes the cost of Weifang Century Garden Project, including the current cost profile of the project, the dynamic cost changes of the project, and the construction cost situation.Through the analysis, it is found that the cost management of Weifang Century Garden project has too much influence on the cost of engineering instruction, the proportion of invalid cost to cost is too high, the cost of cooperation unit is increased due to improper selection, and the cost control system is not perfect.Human material management and not paying attention to engineering claims, and further analysis of the project cost management in each stage of the cause of the problem, and the use of earned value method to calculate the basic parameters of the project,On this basis, the paper puts forward some cost control measures and suggestions, such as perfecting the construction of cost control system, carrying out the measures of reward and punishment, strengthening the quality construction of the construction team, doing well the work of labor subcontracting, centralized purchasing of materials and standardized management.Promote the drawing review system, reduce the invalid cost in design, improve the whole staff cost consciousness of the whole company steadily, etc.In the whole process of project implementation, only under the guidance of reasonable cost management thought and method, the operation cycle and cost of the whole construction project should be comprehensively considered and analyzed.In order to make the overall plan of the project contract and the project construction plan more scientific and reasonable.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) by the earned value method analysis, by 90D, CPI1, the actual cost is lower than the budgeted cost, and the actual cost is less than the budgeted cost, SPI 1.0, which indicates that the actual progress is slower than the planned progress, and the projected progress plan has not been completed.Failure to take action may cause the project to be completed on schedule.The main body area of the third phase is 75974M2. According to the estimate of 10.66 yuan / M2, the invalid cost cost is 809883 yuan. In the settlement analysis, the effective cost is strictly distinguished from the invalid cost, so as to reduce the invalid cost caused by the design change and visa.Is the direction of the next stage of effort.) We should attach importance to the cost control in the planning and design stage. Because the quality of the cost control determines the quality of the preliminary design work of the project control investment estimation,Whether the design estimate is correct or not determines the success or failure of the construction drawing design, so it is of great significance to reduce the cost of the project as far as possible, which is the key to cost control.) We should pay attention to the comparison between the target cost and the actual cost in the construction phase.Make use of accurate and strict engineering survey to determine the cost of settlement project, take project budget and project contract price as control target, reasonably determine the settlement of project progress, strictly control the expenditure of project;According to the change degree of the project, the price of the project is corrected reasonably according to the special situation of the change in the construction process.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU723.3;F299.233.4

【参考文献】