反渗透浓水的预处理实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 17:00

本文选题：反渗透浓水 + 活性炭吸附　；参考：《太原理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：与传统的水处理工艺相比,反渗透技术有其独特的优点。随着膜技术的研究和制造业的不断发展,反渗透技术在海水和苦咸水淡化、纯水和超纯水、食品加工、城市供水和工业用水、工业废水和城市污水的深度处理等领域都得到了广泛的应用,反渗透技术在未来水处理领域的应用前景极其广阔。反渗透技术产生清水的同时也产生了浓缩水,浓缩水对环境的影响越来越引起人们的重视。目前反渗透浓水的传统处理方法有：直接和间接排放、综合利用,但是这些方法都不能从根本上解决减少反渗透浓水的排放量,造成水资源的浪费。为了减少反渗透浓水对环境的影响,研究反渗透浓水回收利用的新技术是反渗透浓水处理的发展趋势。目前对于反渗透浓水的处理方法研究最多的是膜处理法,由于反渗透浓水中含有较高浓度的盐和有机物,反渗透浓水中的钙镁等离子在膜法深度处理反渗透浓水中极其导致结垢,造成膜的污堵,浓水中的有机物也会造成膜的污染,使膜的透水率降低。因此在膜法处理之前应对反渗透浓水进行预处理,去除水中的有机物和钙镁等对膜不利的物质。在阅读大量文献的基础上,本课题太原市某食品加工厂锅炉进水反渗透浓水为研究对象,以研究经济可行的预处理工艺为目的,采用活性炭吸附法和软化—混凝法对反渗透浓水进行预处理,考察了单一工艺处理反渗透浓水的最佳处理条件和对各水质指标的影响,以及两种工艺联合对反渗透浓水的处理效果。活性炭特有的孔隙结构,使其在水处理领域有着广泛的应用,活性炭对水中的有机物有着极强的吸附能力,能吸附传统工艺无法去除的有机物。本论文选用粉末活性炭吸附反渗透浓水中的有机物,考察了活性炭投加量、pH值、吸附时间对COD去除率的影响。实验结果表明,活性炭投加量为100mg/L, pH值为6,吸附时间为40min时,吸附效果最好,COD的去除率为52.62%。对于反渗透浓水中的硬度和碱度,本论文采用软化—混凝法去除。为了将浓水中的硬度和碱度降低至反渗透进水水质要求,软化工艺采用石灰—纯碱法,混凝剂选用聚合硫酸铁和聚丙烯酰胺复合投加。在药剂最佳投加量条件下：石灰投加量1250mg/L,纯碱400mg/L,聚合硫酸铁40mg/L,聚丙烯酰胺3mg/L,经处理后出水水质参数为总硬度和COD分别为160.77mg/L、43.31mg/L,浊度为1.59NTU。采用活性炭吸附和软化—混凝组合工艺对反渗透浓水进行预处理,研究了两种不同组合工艺对反渗透浓水的处理效果和活性炭吸附处理软化—混凝出水的最佳反应条件,实验结果表明软化—混凝—活性炭工艺对反渗透浓水的处理效果较好,活性炭吸附的最佳反应条件为活性炭投加量75mg/L, pH为6,吸附时间为30min。采用软化—混凝—活性炭组合工艺在最佳条件下处理反渗透浓水,出水达到反渗透进水水质要求。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional water treatment process, reverse osmosis technology has its unique advantages. With the development of membrane technology and manufacturing industry, reverse osmosis technology has been used in desalination of seawater and brackish water, pure and ultra-pure water, food processing, urban water supply and industrial water, Industrial wastewater and advanced treatment of municipal wastewater have been widely used. Reverse osmosis technology has a very broad application prospect in the field of water treatment in the future. Reverse osmosis (RO) technology not only produces clear water but also condensed water. At present, the traditional treatment methods of reverse osmosis concentrated water are as follows: direct and indirect discharge, comprehensive utilization, but these methods can not fundamentally solve the problem of reducing the discharge of reverse osmosis concentrated water, resulting in waste of water resources. In order to reduce the impact of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrated water on the environment, it is the development trend of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrated water treatment to study the new technology of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrated water recovery and utilization. At present, membrane treatment is the most widely studied method for the treatment of concentrated reverse osmosis water. Because of the high concentration of salt and organic matter in the concentrated water of reverse osmosis, The plasma of calcium and magnesium in the thick water of reverse osmosis (RO) in the advanced treatment of the concentrated water of reverse osmosis (RO) can cause fouling and fouling of the membrane, and the organic matter in the concentrated water will also cause the fouling of the membrane and decrease the water permeability of the membrane. Therefore, before membrane treatment, reverse osmosis concentrated water should be pretreated to remove organic matter, calcium and magnesium and other unfavorable substances. On the basis of reading a large number of documents, the subject of this paper is to study the influent reverse osmosis concentrated water of a food processing plant in Taiyuan, with the aim of studying the economical and feasible pretreatment process. Activated carbon adsorption method and softening coagulation method were used to pretreat the concentrated reverse osmosis water. The optimum treatment conditions and the effects on the water quality indexes of the single process were investigated. And the treatment effect of the two processes on reverse osmosis concentrated water. Activated carbon has been widely used in the field of water treatment due to its unique pore structure. Activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity for organic matter in water and can adsorb organic matter which can not be removed by traditional technology. In this paper, the effects of the dosage of activated carbon and pH value, adsorption time on the removal rate of COD were investigated by using powdered activated carbon to adsorb organic matter in the concentrated water of reverse osmosis. The experimental results show that when the dosage of activated carbon is 100mg / L, pH value is 6, and adsorption time is 40min, the removal rate of COD is 52.62%. The hardness and basicity of the concentrated reverse osmosis water were removed by softening-coagulation method in this paper. In order to reduce the hardness and alkalinity of concentrated water to the requirement of reverse osmosis influent water, lime-soda method was adopted in the softening process, and the coagulant was mixed with polyferric sulfate and polyacrylamide. Under the optimum dosing conditions: lime 1250mg / L, soda 400 mg / L, polyferric sulfate 40mg / L, polyacrylamide 3mg / L, the total hardness and COD of treated effluent were 160.77 mg / L, 43.31 mg / L and 1.59 NTU, respectively. The pretreatment of reverse osmosis (RO) concentrated water with activated carbon adsorption and softening coagulation combination process was carried out. The treatment effect of two different combination processes on reverse osmosis concentrated water and the optimum reaction conditions of activated carbon adsorption treatment for softening and coagulating effluent were studied. The results showed that the softening-coagulation-activated carbon process was effective in treating the concentrated water from reverse osmosis. The optimum reaction conditions for activated carbon adsorption were as follows: the dosage of activated carbon was 75mg / L, pH was 6, and the adsorption time was 30min. The concentrated reverse osmosis water was treated by the combination of softening coagulation and activated carbon under the optimum conditions and the effluent reached the requirement of the influent water quality of reverse osmosis.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU991.2

【参考文献】