西安地区佛寺建筑研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 00:09

本文选题：佛寺建筑 + 新佛寺建筑　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：西安地区的佛教发展史是中国佛教发展历史的缩影，从佛教入华初传直至鼎盛时期，这里一直以中国佛教中心的地位存在，但在唐代以后这里的佛教发展逐渐陷入了没落，，改革开放后，西安地区的佛教发展主要体现在佛寺的建设规模、建设水平的不断提高以及僧团的不断壮大等方面。但在佛教的发展方式中还存在着一定的滞后性，这与西安地区深厚的佛家历史底蕴、丰富的佛教文化资源以及西安地区在中国佛教发展史中的地位很不相称，也与新时社会文化发展中对于佛教文化发展的需求严重脱节，并很大程度上落后于国内外佛教发展新兴地区的发展速度以及发展水平。但时至今日，在学术界人就鲜有关于西安地区佛寺文化特征以及发展建设方式的相关研究。有鉴于此，文章不揣浅陋，展开了对于该领域的研究，其中主要涉及的内容包括：西安地区佛寺分布特点、西安地区佛寺布局现状、西安地区佛寺建筑遗存特点以及当代西安地区佛寺发展建设问题以及相应的发展建设方式、策略的探讨等四大部分。通过对于西安地区佛寺分布特点的研究，文章提出，目前西安地区有着两条潜在的佛寺分布带，其一，为自北向南绵延45公里的“南北佛寺分布带”；其二，为东西36公里的东西“佛寺分布带”。“南北佛寺分布带”主要由由北部的平地佛寺，中部的台塬佛寺以及南部的山地佛寺共同构成，并分别呈现着“动”、“静”、“隐”三种存在状态，“东西佛寺分布带”主要由呈现“隐”态的山地佛寺构成，文章认为这两条佛寺分布带是构成西安地区佛寺总体构架的两条主干，也是隐含的两条“佛寺文化廊道”，此观点的提出有助于在未来西安地区的佛寺发展规划中的宏观性整体性把握。通过对于西安地区佛寺建筑遗存的研究，文章提出，由于明清时西安地区的经济基础较为薄弱，发展环境相对封闭，同时由于清末同治时期还曾爆发过规模较大的战乱，因此西安地区的传统佛寺建筑遗存数量较少，且多以大木小式建筑居多，但在局部构造还保留着明以前的传统工艺做法，此方面的研究对于西安地区佛寺建筑遗存的保护与价值评估方面具有一定的参考意义。通过对于佛寺布局现状以及当前佛寺建设情况的研究，文章提出目前西安地区的改建以及新建佛寺在佛寺布局方式以及建筑的功能与形式方面仍就以礼拜、经忏、祈福以及法事活动等宗教功能为寺院功能的主体，对“法”区以及“僧区”的重视与发展程度仍旧十分欠缺，这一具体现状说明佛教发展在西安地区在总体呈现着“式微”的情况，也无法满足当代社会文化发展对于佛教发展的需求，文章藉此提出提出作为现代佛寺，除应当具备功能设施完善的“佛”、“法”、“僧”三区外，还应当具备承担多种社会功能的“佛法事务区”，进而提出“修学兼顾”的寺院发展策略以及相应的建设理念。
[Abstract]:The history of Buddhist development in Xi ' an area is a miniature of the history of Buddhism development in China . The Buddhist development in Xi ' an area is not commensurate with the status of Buddhist center in China . However , in the development of Buddhism , the development of Buddhism in Xi ' an area is not commensurate with the development of Buddhist culture .

In view of this , the article has expanded the research in this field , including the characteristics of Buddhist temple distribution in Xi ' an area , the status of Buddhist temple in Xi ' an area , the features of Buddhist temple architecture in Xi ' an area and the development and construction of Buddhist temple in Xi ' an area , as well as the corresponding development methods and strategies .

Through the study of the distribution characteristics of Buddhist temple in Xi ' an area , the paper puts forward that there are two potential Buddhist temple distributing bands in Xi ' an area , one of which is the " distribution belt of north - south Buddhist temple " extending 45 km from north to south ;
Second , the " Buddhist temple distribution belt " is the west - west Buddhist temple in the north , the Buddhist temple in the middle of the Buddhist temple and the mountainous Buddhist temple in the south , which are mainly composed of the mountainous Buddhist temples in the southern part of the Buddhist temple , and the paper considers that the two Buddhist temple distribution belts are two main branches which form the general framework of the Buddhist temple in Xi ' an area , and the two hidden Buddhist temple culture corridors , which help to grasp the macroscopic integrity of the Buddhist temple development planning in Xi ' an area in the future .

Based on the study of Buddhist temple buildings in Xi ' an area , this paper puts forward that because the economic foundation of Xi ' an area is relatively weak and the development environment is relatively closed during the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties , the traditional Buddhist temple buildings in Xi ' an area have fewer surviving numbers and many large - wood small - style buildings . However , there are some references for the protection and value evaluation of Buddhist temple buildings in Xi ' an area .

On the basis of the present situation of Buddhist temple layout and the current situation of Buddhist temple construction , this paper puts forward that the reconstruction of Xi ' an area and the function and form of the new Buddhist temple in the layout of Buddhist temple and the function and form of the building are still lacking . The present situation shows that the development of Buddhism in Xi ' an area is still very deficient .
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU252

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