几种药剂应急处理苯酚微污染水的比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 07:25

本文选题：高铁酸钾 + 高锰酸钾　；参考：《太原理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入二十一世纪,伴随着我国工业化水平的提高,酚污染事件更是屡见不鲜,给人民的生产生活带来严重不便,对当地的自然环境造成了相当的破坏。除酚药剂有哪些,这些药剂的去除效果如何,在何种情况下选取哪种药剂除酚较为经济,酚污染事件的发生对水厂的处理成本有何影响。这些都是需要研究考虑的问题。高铁酸钾、高锰酸钾、粉末活性炭都是去除水中苯酚的常用药剂。高锰酸钾和粉末活性炭不仅自身都有一定的去除苯酚能力,而且两种药剂联合使用时,可以起到协同去除苯酚的作用,且去除效果好于二者单独使用效果的线性叠加。高铁酸钾作为新型多功能绿色环保水处理剂,其反应原理与高锰酸钾相似,但不会提高水的色度以及水中Mn2+的含量。在浓度较高苯酚污染情况下,高铁酸钾因其良好的去除效果,绿色环保的特点成为首选药剂,具有广阔的使用前景。高铁酸钾联合粉末活性炭去除苯酚没有达到预想效果,可能是由于高铁酸钾的还原产物氢氧化铁(Fe(OH)3)胶体没有起到强化粉末活性炭吸附的作用。利用静态试验,自配模拟苯酚污水。首先单独投加药剂,考察每种药剂的投加量,溶液温度,pH,反应时间等因素对去除效果的影响。其次考察给定环境条件下,高铁酸钾联合粉末活性炭,高锰酸钾联合粉末活性炭去除苯酚时不同投加量组合情况下的去除效果。最后根据实验结果结合市场分析,得出各种药剂投加情况下的费用预算,最终给出最为经济的药剂选择。(1)配置0.21mg/L的苯酚溶液作为原液。考察单独投加高锰酸钾时投加量,溶液温度,pH,反应时间等因素对去除效果的影响。(2)配置相同原液。考察单独投加高铁酸钾时投加量,溶液温度,pH,反应时间等因素对去除效果的影响。(3)配置相同原液。考察单独投加粉末活性炭时投加量,溶液温度,pH,反应时间等因素对去除效果的影响。(4)配置相同原液。考察溶液在18℃,pH=7.2,给定反应时间情况下高铁酸钾联合投加粉末活性炭不同的药剂投加量组合对去除效果的影响,并初步探讨其去除机理,分析产生此组去除效果的原因。(5)配置相同原液。考察溶液在18℃,pH=7.2,给定反应时间情况下高锰酸钾联合投加粉末活性炭不同的药剂投加量组合对去除效果的影响,并初步探讨其去除机理,分析产生此组去除效果的原因。主要结论为：(1)自然条件下(18℃,pH=7.2)苯酚污染物浓度为0.21 mg/L时,三种药剂去除效果在以下投加量时达到最佳效果：高铁酸钾投加量8mg/L,可以到达到Ⅳ类地表水环境质量标准；高锰酸钾投加量3mg/L,可以到达到Ⅰ类地表水环境质量标准；粉末活性炭投加量120mg/L,可以到达到V类地表水环境质量标准。(2)自然条件下(18℃,pH=7.2)苯酚污染物浓度为0.21 mg/L时,高铁酸钾联合粉末活性炭氧化絮凝吸附去除苯酚效果最好条件为：粉末活性炭投加量120mg/L,高铁酸钾投加量8mg/L,可以到达到Ⅳ类地表水环境质量标准。(3)相同自然条件,污染溶度时,高锰酸钾联合粉末活性炭氧化絮凝吸附去除苯酚效果最好条件为：粉末活性炭投加量120mg/L,高锰酸钾投加量1mg/L,可以到达到Ⅳ类地表水环境质量标准。(4)相同自然条件,污染溶度时,当高锰酸钾投加量为0.8mg/L,粉末活性炭投加量30mg/L时,达到这两种药剂经济最优组合,苯酚去除率为60.55%,每吨水增加药剂费用0.614元,设备总投资费用76万元,水厂设备年耗费58520元。(5)相同自然条件,污染溶度时,当高铁酸钾投加量为lmg/L,粉末活性炭投加量30mg/L时,达到这两种药剂经济最优组合,苯酚去除率为52.94%,每吨水增加药剂费用0.626元,设备总投资费用76万元,水厂设备年耗费58520元。(6)正常情况下,当水厂正常运行出水即可达标时,一旦发生苯酚污染物突发性污染事件时,考虑到去除效果,经济,环保以及对后续处理的影响,选择投加高铁酸钾作为处理药剂较为合适。
[Abstract]:In twenty-first Century, with the improvement of the level of industrialization in China, the phenol pollution events were more common, which brought serious inconvenience to the people's production and life, and caused considerable damage to the local natural environment. The effects of the occurrence of phenol pollution events on the cost of treatment in water plants are all issues to be considered. Potassium ferrate, Potassium Permanganate, powdered activated carbon are commonly used to remove phenol in water. Both Potassium Permanganate and powdered activated carbon not only have a certain ability to remove phenol, but also when the two agents are used together. The effect of synergistic removal of phenol, and the removal efficiency is better than the linear superposition of the two individual use effect. As a new multifunctional green water treatment agent, potassium ferrate is similar to Potassium Permanganate, but it does not increase the color of water and the content of Mn2+ in water. Under the condition of high concentration phenol pollution, potassium ferrate Good removal effect, green environmental characteristics become the first choice agent, and has a broad application prospect. Potassium ferrate combined powder activated carbon removal of phenol did not achieve the desired effect. It is possible that the effect of potassium ferrate iron hydroxide (Fe (OH) 3) colloid has not played the role of strengthening the adsorption of powdered activated carbon. The effects of the dosage of each agent, the temperature of the solution, the pH and the reaction time on the removal efficiency were investigated by adding the simulated phenol wastewater. Secondly, the removal of potassium ferrate combined powder activated carbon and the combination of Potassium Permanganate combined powder activated carbon with different dosage combinations under given environment conditions was investigated. Finally, according to the experimental results combined with market analysis, the cost budget of all kinds of medicaments was obtained, and the most economical choice was given. (1) the phenol solution of 0.21mg/L was used as the original solution. The effects of adding amount, solution temperature, pH, reaction time and other factors on the removal efficiency were investigated. (2) configuration The effect of addition amount, solution temperature, pH, reaction time and other factors on the removal efficiency were investigated. (3) the effects of the same original liquid on the removal efficiency when the powder activated carbon was added separately, the solution temperature, pH, reaction time and other factors on the removal efficiency. (4) the same original liquid was configured, and the solution was at 18, pH=7.2, The effect of the combined dosage of potassium ferrate combined with powder activated charcoal on the removal effect of different dosage of powdered activated carbon under given reaction time was given, and its removal mechanism was preliminarily discussed. (5) configuration of the same original liquid. The combination of the solution at 18, pH=7.2, and the given reaction time of Potassium Permanganate combined with powder powder. The effect of the dosage combination of different agents on the removal efficiency of activated carbon was discussed and its removal mechanism was preliminarily discussed. The main conclusions were as follows: (1) when the concentration of phenol pollutants in natural conditions (18, pH=7.2) was 0.21 mg/L, the removal effect of the three chemicals reached the best effect when the dosage was added below: ferric acid Potassium dosage of 8mg/L can reach the environmental quality standard of type IV surface water, and the dosage of Potassium Permanganate is 3mg/L, which can reach the standard of surface water environmental quality of class I; the dosage 120mg/L of powdered activated carbon can reach the standard of V surface water environment quality. (2) when the concentration of phenol pollutants is 0.21 mg/L under natural conditions (18, pH=7.2), high The best conditions for the removal of phenol by the combination of potassium ferric acid and powdered activated carbon are as follows: the dosage of powdered activated carbon is 120mg/L, and the dosage of potassium ferrate is 8mg/L. (3) the effect of oxidation flocculation and flocculation of Potassium Permanganate combined powder activated carbon for removal of phenol in the same natural conditions and pollution solubility The best condition is: powder activated carbon dosage 120mg/L, Potassium Permanganate dosage 1mg/L, can reach the grade IV surface water environmental quality standard. (4) the same natural conditions, when the pollution solubility, when the amount of Potassium Permanganate adding 0.8mg/L, powder activated carbon dosage 30mg/L, to achieve the optimal combination of these two chemicals, the phenol removal rate of 60.55%, The cost per ton of water increased 0.614 yuan, the total investment cost of the equipment was 760 thousand yuan, the annual cost of the equipment of the water plant was 58520 yuan. (5) the same natural conditions, when the dosage of potassium ferrate was lmg/L and the powdered activated carbon was added 30mg/L, the optimal combination of the two chemicals was reached, the phenol removal rate was 52.94%, and the cost per ton of water increased 0.626. Yuan, the total investment cost of the equipment is 760 thousand yuan, and the equipment of the water plant is 58520 yuan a year. (6) under normal conditions, when the water plant can reach the standard when the water is running normally, it is more appropriate to choose potassium ferrate as the treatment agent in consideration of the effect of removal, economy, environmental protection and the effect on the subsequent treatment.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU991.2

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