从王澍获奖谈中国当代建筑创作

发布时间：2018-06-28 01:38

本文选题：王澍 + “非主流”建筑师　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国当代社会经历了高速的经济发展时期,建筑学科也迎来了前所未有的发展,并取得了举世瞩目的成就。但是在这些成绩背后,还隐藏着很多亟待解决的问题：建筑学科面临着全球化与地方化、文化传承与科技发展之间的矛盾。自改革开放以来,中国建筑的发展日新月异,西方的后现代主义、晚期现代主义、解构主义以及批判地域主义建筑思潮不断地涌入,使得新兴的建筑样式频频出现。除了上述的建筑思想在国内蔓延之外,境外建筑师也开始在中国建筑市场屡现身影,使得城市面貌和建筑形式达到从未有过的繁杂,国内建筑师以及建筑呈现出一片茫然的状态。 2012年王澍荣获普利策建筑奖,中国建筑师的实践探索首次被世界肯定,并给国内的盲目建设敲响了警钟。王澍在继承现代主义思想精髓的基础上,立足本土传统,创造出极富地域特色的现代建筑；他以独特的建筑语言和思考方式回应现实世界以及国内的种种变革与矛盾,实现了中国传统文化在建筑中的现代转译。因此,对于王澍的建筑创作进行解读和分析是必要的,而且具有深远的现实意义。本文以王澍的成长经历为主线,深入探讨他的建筑观及其建筑设计方法。王澍的成长经历大致分为三个阶段：启蒙与求学时期、研究与思考时期以及实践与探索时期。就实践与探索时期而言,王澍通过借鉴传统建筑形制以及传统空间组织方式来进行建筑布局以及空间序列组织,进而体现出传统文化的气息和神韵；通过对建筑材料“建造技术”与“建构艺术”的转换,将建筑的工程性与人文艺术性联系在一起,从而表达出对传统的尊重和传承；通过借鉴传统建筑的外在形式以及传统符号,表达新的建筑形象。本文在研究王澍建筑观及方法论的基础之上,对以他为代表的“非主流”建筑师以及境外获奖建筑师在中国的创作实践进行个案研究,并对王澍与中外建筑师进行了四个方面的比较：对待传统文化的态度、建筑空间的处理、技术手段的运用以及建筑形式的处理。本文经过对王澍以及与王澍相关建筑师的分析比较,思考具有“中国建筑特色”的创作之路和对建筑专业学生的培养方向。中国建筑应该朝着与地理、人文、技术、经济等条件相契合的地方建筑的方向发展；建筑师在提升专业能力的同时,还应该全面提升自身的综合素质,其中包括社会责任感的增强以及团队协作意识的提高等方面；建筑教育则应强调对学生专业素养的培养,重点注重其人文素养、创新理念以及艺术修养的提升。
[Abstract]:China's contemporary society has experienced a period of rapid economic development, architecture has ushered in unprecedented development, and has made remarkable achievements. But behind these achievements, there are still many problems that need to be solved urgently: the architecture subject faces the contradiction between globalization and localization, cultural heritage and the development of science and technology. Since the reform and opening up, the rapid development of Chinese architecture, the western post-modernism, late modernism, deconstruction and criticism of regionalism architectural trend of thought constantly influx, making the emerging architectural style frequently appear. In addition to the spread of the above-mentioned architectural ideas in China, foreign architects have also begun to appear repeatedly in the Chinese construction market, making the city look and architectural forms more complicated than ever before. In 2012, Wang Shu won the Pulitzer Prize for Architecture, and the practical exploration of Chinese architects was recognized by the world for the first time and sounded a wake-up call for blind construction in China. On the basis of inheriting the essence of modernism thought and based on the local tradition, Wang Shu creates modern architecture with extremely regional characteristics, and responds to the real world and all kinds of changes and contradictions in China with his unique architectural language and way of thinking. It realizes the modern translation of Chinese traditional culture in architecture. Therefore, it is necessary to interpret and analyze Wang Shu's architectural creation. Taking Wang Shu's growth experience as the main line, this paper probes into his architectural view and architectural design method. Wang Shu's growth experience is divided into three stages: the period of enlightenment and study, the period of research and reflection, and the period of practice and exploration. In the period of practice and exploration, Wang Shu uses the traditional architectural form and the traditional spatial organization to organize the architectural layout and space sequence, and then reflects the flavor and charm of the traditional culture. Through the transformation of "construction technology" and "construction art" of building materials, the engineering and humanism of architecture are linked together, so as to express the respect and inheritance of tradition; Through drawing lessons from the external form of traditional architecture and traditional symbols, express the new architectural image. Based on the study of Wang Shu's architectural view and methodology, this paper makes a case study of the "non-mainstream" architects represented by Wang Shu and the creative practice of foreign award-winning architects in China. The author also compares Wang Shu with Chinese and foreign architects in four aspects: the attitude towards traditional culture, the treatment of architectural space, the application of technical means and the treatment of architectural forms. Based on the analysis and comparison of Wang Shu and related architects, this paper thinks about the road of creation with "Chinese architectural characteristics" and the training direction for the students majoring in architecture. Chinese architecture should develop in the direction of local architecture that is compatible with geography, humanities, technology, economy, and so on. Architects should upgrade their professional abilities while improving their overall quality. It includes the enhancement of the sense of social responsibility and the improvement of the sense of teamwork, while the education of architecture should emphasize the cultivation of students' professional literacy, focusing on the promotion of their humanistic literacy, innovative ideas and artistic accomplishment.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU201

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