基于建筑类型学的近代武昌城民居种类研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 15:42

本文选题：武昌城 + 传统民居　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以近代武汉为例,运用建筑类型学对民居建筑进行有条目的归类整理,从深层面剖析近代武汉的民居特色,对近代武昌城民居建筑提供一种分类方法论和视角,为更进一步了解武昌建筑打下基础。武汉作为华中地区首位度最高的城市,是近代三级行政单位所在地,也是华中地区的政治文化中心。从区域看,它的发展直接影响到整个华中地区：从全国看,既有中国传统城市的共性,也打上区域地理特征烙印的个性。本课题的研究一方面为填补武汉建筑史研究的空白,丰富了中国近代城市建筑史的研究内容；另一方面为历史时期遗留的民居建筑分类提供方法论。本论文的研究,好在近代武汉建筑的发展较为完善,相关档案与资料现存丰富,但缺少全面系统的整理与汇编,并且研究建立在对大量零散民居房屋文件分析的基础上,因此本人认为最好采用建筑类型学相关理论对历史民居进行重新梳理。第一章重点阐述建筑类型学的理论特征和分类方法,为论文研究框架支撑。通过理论支撑的详细阐述,提出论点和创新点,即：武汉民居的三大类与各类别的分类方法探讨；民居分类方法对新建筑格局的借鉴作用和城市文脉的保护意义。第二章通过对我国里弄建筑文献书籍的收集参考,介绍了主要文献以及其研究成果,归纳出里弄住宅的一般特征,并大体叙述里弄建筑在我国的发展历程,指明里弄住宅是中国的住宅建筑从自给自足的个体住宅发展到商品化住宅的转折点,是中国住宅近代发展史的开端。其次将武昌最具代表性的石库门里弄、院落式里弄特征分别进行详细介绍,以平面开间布局为论点、以类型学为论证方法,最终论证说明在不同的历史时期,为适应不同社会需求是近代理论住宅建筑类型不断推进更新的根本动力。第三章讲述了历史时期三条渠道对我国近代建筑所产生的影响；各个不同时期殖民建筑不同特征、用途。并将殖民建筑归纳为新住宅洋房、花园式洋房、公寓式洋房三类,且对每种户型的特点、装饰风格分别举例说明。第四章将武昌传统民居分为“庭院式”和“独栋式”两大类,列表举例说明。总结传统民居类型特征主要从建筑平面规制着眼,将各种不同户型结构框架分解为各个独立单位,分析其使用特点并尝试新的组合形式。最后大略介绍了传统民居装饰特征。第五章为总结,分类总结近代民居,从外部空间形态、空间特点、装饰特点三个方面。总结民居建筑创新方法三大类,并以合院民居为例,对平面户型形态进行逻辑推导,意在结合建筑类型学,尝试建筑分类方法；提高城市的文脉特征、有效保护城市民居物质文化遗产,最后总结全文。
[Abstract]:Taking modern Wuhan as an example, this paper makes use of architectural typology to classify residential buildings, analyzes the characteristics of modern residential buildings in Wuhan from a deep level, and provides a classification methodology and perspective for modern residential buildings in Wuchang. For a better understanding of Wuchang architecture lay the foundation. As the first and highest city in central China, Wuhan is the seat of three administrative units in modern times and the political and cultural center of central China. From the regional point of view, its development directly affects the whole central China: from the national point of view, there are not only the commonness of Chinese traditional cities, but also the individuality of regional geographical characteristics. On the one hand, the research of this subject is to fill in the blank of Wuhan architectural history and enrich the research content of modern Chinese urban architectural history; on the other hand, it provides the methodology for the classification of residential buildings left over from the historical period. The research of this paper is perfect in the modern Wuhan architecture development, the related files and materials are abundant, but lack of comprehensive and systematic collation and compilation, and the research is based on the analysis of a large number of scattered residential documents. Therefore, I think it is best to use architectural typology theory to rearrange the historical houses. The first chapter focuses on the theoretical characteristics and classification methods of architectural typology, which support the research framework. Through the detailed elaboration of the theoretical support, this paper puts forward the points of argument and innovation, that is, the discussion of the three categories and other classification methods of Wuhan dwelling houses, the reference function of the classification methods for the new architectural pattern and the significance of protecting the urban context. The second chapter introduces the main literature and its research results, summarizes the general characteristics of the Lilong house, and generally describes the development process of the Lilong architecture in our country through the collection and reference of the Lilong architecture literature books in our country. It is pointed out that the Rilong residence is the turning point of the development of Chinese residential building from self-sufficient individual residence to commercial residence, and is the beginning of the modern history of Chinese housing development. Secondly, the most representative of Wuchang Shikumenli Nong, the courtyard type Lilong characteristics are introduced in detail, with the plane layout as the argument, typology as the argumentation method, the final demonstration in different historical periods, To adapt to different social needs is the fundamental motive force for the renewal of modern theoretical residential buildings. The third chapter describes the influence of three channels on the modern architecture of our country in the historical period, and the different characteristics and uses of the colonial architecture in different periods. The colonial architecture is divided into three categories: new residential house, garden house and apartment house, and the decorative style of each type is illustrated by examples. The fourth chapter divides Wuchang traditional residence into two categories: courtyard style and single-family style. This paper summarizes the characteristics of traditional dwelling houses from the perspective of building plane regulation, and decomposes various kinds of household structure frames into individual units, analyzes the characteristics of their use and tries out new forms of combination. At last, it introduces the decorative features of traditional houses. The fifth chapter is a summary, classifying and summing up modern folk houses, from three aspects: outer space form, space characteristic and decoration characteristic. This paper summarizes three categories of architectural innovation methods of folk houses, and takes the residential buildings of Heyuan as an example, deduces the form of flat units logically, in order to combine architectural typology, try to classify architecture, and improve the characteristics of urban context. Effectively protect the material and cultural heritage of urban houses, and finally summarize the full text.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU241.5

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